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Deep latent variable models, trained using variational autoencoders or generative adversarial networks, are now a key technique for representation learning of continuous structures. However, applying similar methods to discrete structures,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Jake Zhao , Yoon Kim , Kelly Zhang , Alexander M. Rush , Yann LeCun

Learning latent representations that are simultaneously expressive, geometrically well-structured, and reliably calibrated remains a central challenge for Variational Autoencoders (VAEs). Standard VAEs typically assume a diagonal Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mehmet Can Yavuz

Generative adversarial nets (GANs) and variational auto-encoders have significantly improved our distribution modeling capabilities, showing promise for dataset augmentation, image-to-image translation and feature learning. However, to…

Variational Autoencoders (VAE) are popular generative models used to sample from complex data distributions. Despite their empirical success in various machine learning tasks, significant gaps remain in understanding their theoretical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-23 Sobihan Surendran , Antoine Godichon-Baggioni , Sylvain Le Corff

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are one class of generative probabilistic latent-variable models designed for inference based on known data. We develop three variations on VAEs by introducing a second parameterized encoder/decoder pair and,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-06 R. I. Cukier

We propose a new efficient way to sample from a Variational Autoencoder in the challenging low sample size setting. This method reveals particularly well suited to perform data augmentation in such a low data regime and is validated across…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-29 Clément Chadebec , Stéphanie Allassonnière

Variational autoencoders~(VAEs) have shown a promise in data-driven conversation modeling. However, most VAE conversation models match the approximate posterior distribution over the latent variables to a simple prior such as standard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Xiaodong Gu , Kyunghyun Cho , Jung-Woo Ha , Sunghun Kim

Learning from an imbalanced distribution presents a major challenge in predictive modeling, as it generally leads to a reduction in the performance of standard algorithms. Various approaches exist to address this issue, but many of them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Samuel Stocksieker , Denys Pommeret , Arthur Charpentier

Real world datasets often contain entries with missing elements e.g. in a medical dataset, a patient is unlikely to have taken all possible diagnostic tests. Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are popular generative models often used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Mark Collier , Alfredo Nazabal , Christopher K. I. Williams

Distributed learning and Edge AI necessitate efficient data processing, low-latency communication, decentralized model training, and stringent data privacy to facilitate real-time intelligence on edge devices while reducing dependency on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Lucas Heublein , Simon Kocher , Tobias Feigl , Alexander Rügamer , Christopher Mutschler , Felix Ott

This paper reviews the novel concept of controllable variational autoencoder (ControlVAE), discusses its parameter tuning to meet application needs, derives its key analytic properties, and offers useful extensions and applications.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Huajie Shao , Zhisheng Xiao , Shuochao Yao , Aston Zhang , Shengzhong Liu , Tarek Abdelzaher

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are one class of generative probabilistic latent-variable models designed for inference based on known data. They balance reconstruction and regularizer terms. A variational approximation produces an evidence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-13 Robert I. Cukier

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are one of the powerful unsupervised learning frameworks in NLP for latent representation learning and latent-directed generation. The classic optimization goal of VAEs is to maximize the Evidence Lower Bound…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Jianfei Zhang , Jun Bai , Chenghua Lin , Yanmeng Wang , Wenge Rong

Variational Inference approximates an unnormalized distribution via the minimization of Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence. Although this divergence is efficient for computation and has been widely used in applications, it suffers from some…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-28 Mingxuan Yi , Song Liu

Learning interpretable and disentangled representations of data is a key topic in machine learning research. Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a scalable method for learning directed latent variable models of complex data. It employs a clear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Andriy Serdega , Dae-Shik Kim

Variational auto-encoder (VAE) is a powerful unsupervised learning framework for image generation. One drawback of VAE is that it generates blurry images due to its Gaussianity assumption and thus L2 loss. To allow the generation of high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-23 Lei Cai , Hongyang Gao , Shuiwang Ji

A new form of the variational autoencoder (VAE) is proposed, based on the symmetric Kullback-Leibler divergence. It is demonstrated that learning of the resulting symmetric VAE (sVAE) has close connections to previously developed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-23 Liqun Chen , Shuyang Dai , Yunchen Pu , Chunyuan Li , Qinliang Su , Lawrence Carin

Recent work has shown that Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) can be used to upper-bound the information rate-distortion (R-D) function of images, i.e., the fundamental limit of lossy image compression. In this paper, we report an improved…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-07 Zhihao Duan , Jack Ma , Jiangpeng He , Fengqing Zhu

Recently, introspective models like IntroVAE and S-IntroVAE have excelled in image generation and reconstruction tasks. The principal characteristic of introspective models is the adversarial learning of VAE, where the encoder attempts to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-01 Changjie Lu , Shen Zheng , Zirui Wang , Omar Dib , Gaurav Gupta

Unsupervised learning of disentangled representations involves uncovering of different factors of variations that contribute to the data generation process. Total correlation penalization has been a key component in recent methods towards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Yijun Xiao , William Yang Wang