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Vision-language models (VLMs) achieve strong benchmark results, yet can exhibit systematic perceptual weaknesses: structured, large changes to pixel values can cause confident yet nonsensical predictions, even when the underlying scene…
Spatial modulation microscopy is a technique originally developed for quantitative spectroscopy of individual nano-objects. Here, a parallel implementation of the spatial modulation microscopy technique is demonstrated based on a line…
We describe here a method to generate high-definition arbitrary laser beam shapes and profiles useful to many applications, ranging from optical patterning and lithography to optical trapping of microscopic particles and ultracold atoms.…
Ising machines are emerging as a powerful physical alternative to digital processors for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Among them, spatial photonic Ising machines (SPIMs) offer compact, room-temperature hardware with…
We suggest and demonstrate a novel source of two-photon multipartite entangled states which exploits the transverse spatial structure of spontaneous parametric downconversion together with a programmable spatial light modulator (SLM). The…
In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM), the active subcarriers can convey information bits by modulated symbols as well as their indices. OFDM-IM has attracted a great deal of attention from…
As a green and secure wireless transmission method, secure spatial modulation (SM) is becoming a hot research area. Its basic idea is to exploit both the index of activated transmit antenna and amplitude phase modulation signal to carry…
We recently started to investigate how liquid-crystal on silicon (LCOS) spatial light modulator (SLM) would perform as programmable focal-plane phase mask (FPM) coronagraphs. Such "adaptive coronagraphs" could potentially help adapt to…
Latent variable models (LVMs) are commonly used to capture the underlying dependencies, patterns, and hidden structure in observed data. Source duplication is a by-product of the data hankelisation pre-processing step common to single…
High-dimensional light field modulation demands precise control over multiple optical parameters, a capability critical for next-generation photonic systems. While liquid crystals offer inherent advantages in dynamic birefringence tuning,…
The explosive growth of global data traffic demands scalable and energy-efficient optical communication systems. Spatial division multiplexing (SDM) using multicore or multimode fibers is a promising solution to overcome the capacity limit…
Material decomposition for imaging multiple contrast agents in a single acquisition has been made possible by spectral CT: a modality which incorporates multiple photon energy spectral sensitivities into a single data collection. This work…
We present a method for preparing arbitrary pure states of spatial qudits, namely, D-dimensional (D > 2) quantum systems carrying information in the transverse momentum and position of single photons. For this purpose, a set of D slits with…
Photonic Lanterns (PLs) are tapered waveguides that gradually transition from a multi-mode fiber geometry to a bundle of single-mode fibers (SMFs). They can efficiently couple multi-mode telescope light into a multi-mode fiber entrance at…
Phased antenna arrays enable dynamic beam shaping, which is essential for Non-Geostationary (NGSO) satellite communications where efficient beam distribution is important. This study focuses on thinning phased antenna arrays with circular…
Phase is a fundamental resource for optical imaging but cannot be directly observed with intensity measurements. The existing methods to quantify a phase distribution rely on complex devices and structures. Here we experimentally…
Wavefront correction and beam tracking are critical in applications such as long-range imaging through turbulence and free-space optical communication. For instance, adaptive optics systems are employed to correct wavefront distortions…
Optical coherence tomography is state-of-the-art in non-invasive imaging of biological structures. Spectral Domain Optical Co-herence Tomography is the popularly used variation of this technique, but its performance is limited by the…
We develop methodology allowing to simulate a stationary functional time series defined by means of its spectral density operators. Our framework is general, in that it encompasses any such stationary functional time series, whether linear…
Speckle patterns are used in a broad range of applications including microscopy, imaging, and light-matter interactions. Tailoring speckles' statistics can dramatically enhance their performance in applications. We present an experimental…