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Model-based and learning-based methods are two major types of methodologies to model car following behaviors. Model-based methods describe the car-following behaviors with explicit mathematical equations, while learning-based methods focus…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-21 Yilin Wang , Yiheng Feng

A model used for velocity control during car following was proposed based on deep reinforcement learning (RL). To fulfil the multi-objectives of car following, a reward function reflecting driving safety, efficiency, and comfort was…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Meixin Zhu , Yinhai Wang , Ziyuan Pu , Jingyun Hu , Xuesong Wang , Ruimin Ke

This study proposes a framework for human-like autonomous car-following planning based on deep reinforcement learning (deep RL). Historical driving data are fed into a simulation environment where an RL agent learns from trial and error…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-04 Meixin Zhu , Xuesong Wang , Yinhai Wang

Driving behavior modeling is of great importance for designing safe, smart, and personalized autonomous driving systems. In this paper, an internal reward function-based driving model that emulates the human's decision-making mechanism is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Zhiyu Huang , Jingda Wu , Chen Lv

Car-following behavior has been extensively studied using physics-based models, such as the Intelligent Driver Model. These models successfully interpret traffic phenomena observed in the real-world but may not fully capture the complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Zhaobin Mo , Xuan Di , Rongye Shi

In the coming years and decades, autonomous vehicles (AVs) will become increasingly prevalent, offering new opportunities for safer and more convenient travel and potentially smarter traffic control methods exploiting automation and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Tianyu Shi , Yifei Ai , Omar ElSamadisy , Baher Abdulhai

While deep reinforcement learning (RL) has been increasingly applied in designing car-following models in the last years, this study aims at investigating the feasibility of RL-based vehicle-following for complex vehicle dynamics and strong…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Fabian Hart , Ostap Okhrin , Martin Treiber

Automated vehicles are deemed to be the key element for the intelligent transportation system in the future. Many studies have been made to improve the Automated vehicles' ability of environment recognition and vehicle control, while the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Yingjun Ye , Xiaohui Zhang , Jian Sun

A fundamental challenge in car-following modeling lies in accurately representing the multi-scale complexity of driving behaviors, particularly the intra-driver heterogeneity where a single driver's actions fluctuate dynamically under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Shirui Zhou , Jiying Yan , Junfang Tian , Tao Wang , Yongfu Li , Shiquan Zhong

In this paper, a synergistic combination of deep reinforcement learning and hierarchical game theory is proposed as a modeling framework for behavioral predictions of drivers in highway driving scenarios. The need for a modeling framework…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Berat Mert Albaba , Yildiray Yildiz

In this paper, we focus on the problem of inferring the underlying reward function of an expert given demonstrations, which is often referred to as inverse reinforcement learning (IRL). In particular, we propose a model-free density-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-10-03 Sungjoon Choi , Kyungjae Lee , Andy Park , Songhwai Oh

Developing an autonomous vehicle control strategy for signalised intersections (SI) is one of the challenging tasks due to its inherently complex decision-making process. This study proposes a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Pankaj Kumar , Aditya Mishra , Pranamesh Chakraborty , Subrahmanya Swamy Peruru

This contribution analyzes the widely used and well-known "intelligent driver model (briefly IDM), which is a second order car-following model governed by a system of ordinary differential equations. Although this model was intensively…

General-purpose planning algorithms for automated driving combine mission, behavior, and local motion planning. Such planning algorithms map features of the environment and driving kinematics into complex reward functions. To achieve this,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Sascha Rosbach , Vinit James , Simon Großjohann , Silviu Homoceanu , Xing Li , Stefan Roth

Success in racing requires a unique combination of vehicle setup, understanding of the racetrack, and human expertise. Since building and testing many different vehicle configurations in the real world is prohibitively expensive,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-06 John Subosits , Jenna Lee , Shawn Manuel , Paul Tylkin , Avinash Balachandran

In this paper, we present a safe deep reinforcement learning system for automated driving. The proposed framework leverages merits of both rule-based and learning-based approaches for safety assurance. Our safety system consists of two…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-24 Ali Baheri , Subramanya Nageshrao , H. Eric Tseng , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Anouck Girard , Dimitar Filev

In reinforcement learning (RL), agents continually interact with the environment and use the feedback to refine their behavior. To guide policy optimization, reward models are introduced as proxies of the desired objectives, such that when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Rui Yu , Shenghua Wan , Yucen Wang , Chen-Xiao Gao , Le Gan , Zongzhang Zhang , De-Chuan Zhan

Car-following (CF) modeling, an essential component in simulating human CF behaviors, has attracted increasing research interest in the past decades. This paper pushes the state of the art by proposing a novel generative hybrid CF model,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yifan Zhang , Xinhong Chen , Jianping Wang , Zuduo Zheng , Kui Wu

Route choice modeling is a fundamental task in transportation planning and demand forecasting. Classical methods generally adopt the discrete choice model (DCM) framework with linear utility functions and high-level route characteristics.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Zhan Zhao , Yuebing Liang

Car-following behavior modeling is critical for understanding traffic flow dynamics and developing high-fidelity microscopic simulation models. Most existing impulse-response car-following models prioritize computational efficiency and…

Applications · Statistics 2025-04-09 Chengyuan Zhang , Wenshuo Wang , Lijun Sun
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