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When the physics is wrong, physics-informed machine learning becomes physics-misinformed machine learning. A powerful black-box model should not be able to conceal misconceived physics. We propose two criteria that can be used to assert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Simon Kuang , Xinfan Lin

Whilst the partial differential equations that govern the dynamics of our world have been studied in great depth for centuries, solving them for complex, high-dimensional conditions and domains still presents an incredibly large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Edward Small

Differentiable physics provides a new approach for modeling and understanding the physical systems by pairing the new technology of differentiable programming with classical numerical methods for physical simulation. We survey the rapidly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Bharath Ramsundar , Dilip Krishnamurthy , Venkatasubramanian Viswanathan

Generalizing across disparate physical laws remains a fundamental challenge for artificial intelligence in science. Existing deep-learning solvers are largely confined to single-equation settings, limiting transfer across physical regimes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Amirhossein Mollaali , Bongseok Kim , Christian Moya , Guang Lin

Large-scale atomistic computer simulations of materials heavily rely on interatomic potentials predicting the potential energy and Newtonian forces on atoms. Traditional interatomic potentials are based on physical intuition but contain few…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-06-11 G. P. Purja Pun , R. Batra , R. Ramprasad , Y. Mishin

Metal additive manufacturing enables unprecedented design freedom and the production of customized, complex components. However, the rapid melting and solidification dynamics inherent to metal AM processes generate heterogeneous,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 D. Patel , R. Sharma , Y. B. Guo

Quantifying and propagating modeling uncertainties is crucial for reliability analysis, robust optimization, and other model-based algorithmic processes in engineering design and control. Now, physics-informed machine learning (PIML)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Manaswin Oddiraju , Bharath Varma Penumatsa , Divyang Amin , Michael Piedmonte , Souma Chowdhury

Deep learning models trained on finite data lack a complete understanding of the physical world. On the other hand, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are infused with such knowledge through the incorporation of mathematically…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jian Cheng Wong , Abhishek Gupta , Chin Chun Ooi , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Jiao Liu , Yew-Soon Ong

Machine learning encompasses a broad range of algorithms and modeling tools used for a vast array of data processing tasks, which has entered most scientific disciplines in recent years. We review in a selective way the recent research on…

Physics-informed statistical learning (PISL) integrates empirical data with physical knowledge to enhance the statistical performance of estimators. While PISL methods are widely used in practice, a comprehensive theoretical understanding…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-28 Diego Marcondes

Many physical systems are described by partial differential equations (PDEs), and solving these equations and estimating their coefficients or boundary conditions (BCs) from observational data play a crucial role in understanding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Tomohisa Okazaki

Quantum chemical simulations can be greatly accelerated by constructing machine learning potentials, which is often done using active learning (AL). The usefulness of the constructed potentials is often limited by the high effort required…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-09-19 Yi-Fan Hou , Lina Zhang , Quanhao Zhang , Fuchun Ge , Pavlo O. Dral

Physical modeling is critical for many modern science and engineering applications. From a data science or machine learning perspective, where more domain-agnostic, data-driven models are pervasive, physical knowledge -- often expressed as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Da Long , Zheng Wang , Aditi Krishnapriyan , Robert Kirby , Shandian Zhe , Michael Mahoney

The recent development of machine learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) increases the opportunities in all the sectors. ML is a significant tool that can be applied across many disciplines, but its direct application to civil engineering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Shashank Reddy Vadyala , Sai Nethra Betgeri1 , John C. Matthews , Elizabeth Matthews

Informed Machine Learning has emerged as a viable generalization of Machine Learning (ML) by building a unified conceptual and algorithmic setting for constructing models on a unified basis of knowledge and data. Physics-informed ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Chuyi Dai , Witold Pedrycz , Suping Xu , Ding Liu , Xianmin Wang

We present a novel approach to modeling the ground state mass of atomic nuclei based directly on a probabilistic neural network constrained by relevant physics. Our Physically Interpretable Machine Learning (PIML) approach incorporates…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-08-17 M. R. Mumpower , T. M. Sprouse , A. E. Lovell , A. T. Mohan

This tutorial paper focuses on safe physics-informed machine learning in the context of dynamics and control, providing a comprehensive overview of how to integrate physical models and safety guarantees. As machine learning techniques…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-16 Jan Drgona , Truong X. Nghiem , Thomas Beckers , Mahyar Fazlyab , Enrique Mallada , Colin Jones , Draguna Vrabie , Steven L. Brunton , Rolf Findeisen

This rapid communication devises a Neural Induction Machine (NeuIM) model, which pilots the use of physics-informed machine learning to enable AI-based electromagnetic transient simulations. The contributions are threefold: (1) a formation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Qing Shen , Yifan Zhou , Peng Zhang

We propose a self-supervised physics-informed neural network (PINN) framework that adaptively balances physics-based and data-driven supervision for scientific machine learning under data scarcity. Unlike prior PINNs that rely on fixed or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Reza Pirayeshshirazinezhad

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are Neural Network architectures trained to emulate solutions of differential equations without the necessity of solution data. They are currently ubiquitous in the scientific literature due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Andrea Bonfanti , Roberto Santana , Marco Ellero , Babak Gholami