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In the branch of mathematics known as graph theory, graphs are considered as a set of points, called vertices, with connections between these points, called edges. The purpose of this paper is to study mappings between two graphs that have…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Jeffrey Beyerl , Cameron Sharpe

We present a topological interpretation of knot and braid contact homology in degree zero, in terms of cords and skein relations. This interpretation allows us to extend the knot invariant to embedded graphs and higher-dimensional knots. We…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Lenhard Ng

Complex unit gain graphs may exhibit various kinds of symmetry. In this work, we explore structural symmetry, spectral symmetry and sign-symmetry in such graphs, and their respective relations to one-another. Our main result is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-04 Pepijn Wissing , Edwin R. van Dam

For an arbitrary link $L \subset S^3$ , Sarkar-Scaduto-Stoffregen construct a family of spatial refinements of even and odd Khovanov homology. We give a computation of $\text{Sq}^2$ on these spaces, determining their stable homotopy types…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-05-29 Advika Rajapakse

We consider hereditary classes of graphs equipped with a total order. We provide multiple equivalent characterisations of those classes which have bounded twin-width. In particular, we prove a grid theorem for classes of ordered graphs…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Pierre Simon , Szymon Toruńczyk

Symmetric homology is an analog of cyclic homology in which the cyclic groups are replaced by symmetric groups. The foundations for the theory of symmetric homology of algebras are developed in the context of crossed simplicial groups using…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2008-07-29 Shaun Ault

We formulate the notion of an isomorphism of GKM graphs. We then show that two GKM graphs have isomorphic graph equivariant cohomology algebras if and only if the graphs are isomorphic.

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-12-30 Matthias Franz , Hitoshi Yamanaka

The fine curve graph was introduced to study homeomorphism group of surfaces. In this paper we study the topology of the Gromov boundary of this graph for closed surfaces with higher genus. We first prove a bounded geodesic image theorem…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-03-04 Yusen Long , Dong Tan

In this paper we develop the theory of train track maps on graphs of groups. Expanding a definition of Bass, we define a notion of a map of a graph of groups, and of a homotopy equivalence. We prove that under one of two technical…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-15 Rylee Alanza Lyman

We give a fresh introduction to the Khovanov Homology theory for knots and links, with special emphasis on its extension to tangles, cobordisms and 2-knots. By staying within a world of topological pictures a little longer than in other…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Dror Bar-Natan

The $SU_3$-skein algebra of a surface $F$ is spanned by isotopy classes of certain framed graphs in $F\times I$ called $3$-webs subject to the skein relations encapsulating relations between $U_q(sl(3))$-representations. These skein…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-04-20 Charles Frohman , Adam S. Sikora

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a version of singular homology based on smooth mappings of manifolds with corners. Although variants of such a theory exists in the literature, we felt that certain points were not adequately…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2014-09-04 Max Lipyanskiy

Crew and Spirklt generalize Stanley's chromatic symmetric function to vertex-weighted graphs. One of the primary motivations for extending the chromatic symmetric function to vertex-weighted graphs is the existence of a deletion-contraction…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-08 Azzurra Ciliberti

In this paper, we introduce a matrix for a mixed graph, called the integrated adjacency matrix. This matrix uniquely determines a mixed graph, as long as the indices of the matrix are specified. Additionally, we associate an (undirected)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-27 G. Kalaivani , R. Rajkumar

Exact sequences are a well known notion in homological algebra. We investigate here the more vague properties of 'homotopical exactness', appearing for instance in the fibre or cofibre sequence of a map. Such notions of exactness can be…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Marco Grandis

Necessary and sufficient conditions for the exactness (in the algebraic sense) of certain sequences of continuous group homomorphisms are established.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Dinamérico P. Pombo

Let $K_n$ be a complete graph with $n$ vertices. An embedding of $K_n$ in $S^3$ is called a spatial $K_n$-graph. Knots in a spatial $K_n$-graph corresponding to simple cycles of $K_n$ are said to be constituent knots. We consider the case…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-10-31 Olga Oshmarina , Andrei Vesnin

We construct a singular homology theory on the category of schemes of finite type over a Dedekind domain and verify several basic properties. For arithmetic schemes we construct a reciprocity isomorphism between the integral singular…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-07-30 Alexander Schmidt

We show that Verdier duality for certain sheaves on the moduli spaces of graphs associated to Koszul operads corresponds to Koszul duality of operads. This in particular gives a conceptual explanation of the appearance of graph cohomology…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 A. Lazarev , A. A. Voronov

Homology theories for associative algebraic structures are well established and have been studied for a long time. More recently, homology theories for self-distributive algebraic structures motivated by knot theory, such as quandles and…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-03-30 Alissa S. Crans , Sujoy Mukherjee , Józef H. Przytycki
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