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200 papers

Biased news contributes to societal polarization and is often reinforced by hostile reader comments, constituting a vital yet often overlooked aspect of news dissemination. Our study reveals that offensive comments support biased content,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Luyang Lin , Zijin Feng , Lingzhi Wang , Kam-Fai Wong

The proliferation of online hate speech poses a significant threat to the harmony of the web. While explicit hate is easily recognized through overt slurs, implicit hate speech is often conveyed through sarcasm, irony, stereotypes, or coded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Chengshuai Zhao , Shu Wan , Paras Sheth , Karan Patwa , K. Selçuk Candan , Huan Liu

This paper introduces a method for detecting inappropriately targeting language in online conversations by integrating crowd and expert annotations with ChatGPT. We focus on English conversation threads from Reddit, examining comments that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Baran Barbarestani , Isa Maks , Piek Vossen

Hate speech detection research has predominantly focused on purely content-based methods, without exploiting any additional context. We briefly critique pros and cons of this task formulation. We then investigate profiling users by their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Prateek Chaudhry , Matthew Lease

Today, hate speech classification from Arabic tweets has drawn the attention of several researchers. Many systems and techniques have been developed to resolve this classification task. Nevertheless, two of the major challenges faced in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Kheir Eddine Daouadi , Yaakoub Boualleg , Kheir Eddine Haouaouchi

In this paper we investigate the explainability of transformer models and their plausibility for hate speech and counter speech detection. We compare representatives of four different explainability approaches, i.e., gradient-based,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Adrian Jaques Böck , Djordje Slijepčević , Matthias Zeppelzauer

Hateful and offensive content detection has been extensively explored in a single modality such as text. However, such toxic information could also be communicated via multimodal content such as online memes. Therefore, detecting multimodal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Rui Cao , Ziqing Fan , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Wen-Haw Chong , Jing Jiang

The number of increased social media users has led to a lot of people misusing these platforms to spread offensive content and use hate speech. Manual tracking the vast amount of posts is impractical so it is necessary to devise automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Arka Mitra , Priyanshu Sankhala

\textbf{Offensive Content Warning}: This paper contains offensive language only for providing examples that clarify this research and do not reflect the authors' opinions. Please be aware that these examples are offensive and may cause you…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Urja Khurana , Ivar Vermeulen , Eric Nalisnick , Marloes van Noorloos , Antske Fokkens

Social media platforms serve as accessible outlets for individuals to express their thoughts and experiences, resulting in an influx of user-generated data spanning all age groups. While these platforms enable free expression, they also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Nikhil Narayan , Mrutyunjay Biswal , Pramod Goyal , Abhranta Panigrahi

Offensive content is pervasive in social media and a reason for concern to companies and government organizations. Several studies have been recently published investigating methods to detect the various forms of such content (e.g. hate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Tharindu Ranasinghe , Marcos Zampieri

Online hate speech can harmfully impact individuals and groups, specifically on non-moderated platforms such as 4chan where users can post anonymous content. This work focuses on analysing and measuring the prevalence of online hate on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Adrian Bermudez-Villalva , Maryam Mehrnezhad , Ehsan Toreini

In cross-lingual text classification, one seeks to exploit labeled data from one language to train a text classification model that can then be applied to a completely different language. Recent multilingual representation models have made…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Xin Dong , Yaxin Zhu , Yupeng Zhang , Zuohui Fu , Dongkuan Xu , Sen Yang , Gerard de Melo

Hate speech detection models are typically evaluated on held-out test sets. However, this risks painting an incomplete and potentially misleading picture of model performance because of increasingly well-documented systematic gaps and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Paul Röttger , Haitham Seelawi , Debora Nozza , Zeerak Talat , Bertie Vidgen

The rapid growth of social media in recent years has fed into some highly undesirable phenomena such as proliferation of abusive and offensive language on the Internet. Previous research suggests that such hateful content tends to come from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Pushkar Mishra , Marco Del Tredici , Helen Yannakoudakis , Ekaterina Shutova

Existing approaches to mitigate demographic biases evaluate on monolingual data, however, multilingual data has not been examined. In this work, we treat the gender as domains (e.g., male vs. female) and present a standard domain adaptation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Xiaolei Huang

In this paper, we tackle the Arabic Fine-Grained Hate Speech Detection shared task and demonstrate significant improvements over reported baselines for its three subtasks. The tasks are to predict if a tweet contains (1) Offensive language;…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Badr AlKhamissi , Mona Diab

With the increasing diversity of use cases of large language models, a more informative treatment of texts seems necessary. An argumentative analysis could foster a more reasoned usage of chatbots, text completion mechanisms or other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Damián Furman , Pablo Torres , José A. Rodríguez , Diego Letzen , Vanina Martínez , Laura Alonso Alemany

With the growth of online services, the need for advanced text classification algorithms, such as sentiment analysis and biased text detection, has become increasingly evident. The anonymous nature of online services often leads to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Dasol Choi , Jooyoung Song , Eunsun Lee , Jinwoo Seo , Heejune Park , Dongbin Na

Counter-speech (CS) is a key strategy for mitigating online Hate Speech (HS), yet defining the criteria to assess its effectiveness remains an open challenge. We propose a novel computational framework for CS effectiveness classification,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Greta Damo , Elena Cabrio , Serena Villata