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The omnipresent digitalization trend has enabled a number of related malicious activities, ranging from data theft to disruption of businesses, counterfeiting of devices, and identity fraud, among others. Hence, it is essential to implement…

A new definition of "Physical Unclonable Functions" (PUFs), the first one that fully captures its intuitive idea among experts, is presented. A PUF is an information-storage system with a security mechanism that is 1. meant to impede the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-01-27 Rainer Plaga , Dominik Merli

The current chapter aims at establishing a relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and hardware security. Such a connection between AI and software security has been confirmed and well-reviewed in the relevant literature. The main…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Fatemeh Ganji , Shahin Tajik

Light's orbital angular momentum (OAM) with inherent mode orthogonality has been suggested as a new way to the optical encryption. However, the dependence of annular intensity profiles on the topological charge complicates nanoscale…

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are widely used in key generation, with each PUF cell typically producing one bit of data. To enable the extraction of longer keys, a new non-binary response generation scheme based on the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yonghong Bai , Zhiyuan Yan

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) leverage manufacturing process imperfections that cause propagation delay discrepancies for the signals traveling along these paths. While PUFs can be used for device authentication and chip-specific key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Michael Dominguez , Amin Rezaei

The physical unclonable functions (PUF) are used to provide software as well as hardware security for the cyber-physical systems. They have been used for performing significant cryptography tasks such as generating keys, device…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Arjun Singh Chauhan , Vineet Sahula , Atanendu Sekhar Mandal

Counterfeiting threatens human health, social equity, national security and global and local economies. Hardware-based cryptography that exploits physical unclonable functions (PUFs) provides the means for secure identification and…

Quantum Physical Unclonable Functions (QPUFs) offer a physically grounded approach to secure authentication, extending the capabilities of classical PUFs. This review covers their theoretical foundations and key implementation challenges -…

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) enable physical tamper protection for high-assurance devices without needing a continuous power supply that is active over the entire lifetime of the device. Several methods for PUF-based tamper…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Georg Maringer , Matthias Hiller

Physical unclonable functions (PUF) extract secrets from randomness inherent in manufacturing processes. PUFs are utilized for basic cryptographic tasks such as authentication and key generation, and more recently, to realize key exchange…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-31 Yansong Gao , Hua Ma , Geifei Li , Shaza Zeitouni , Said F. Al-Sarawi , Derek Abbott , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi , Damith C. Ranasinghe

We present a comprehensive investigation into the complexity of a new private key storage apparatus: a novel silicon photonic physical unclonable function (PUF) based on ultrafast nonlinear optical interactions in a chaotic silicon…

We propose an approach for fast random number generation based on homemade optical physical unclonable functions (PUFs). The optical PUF is illuminated with input laser wavefront of continuous modulation to obtain different speckle…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Kun Chen , Feng Huang , Pidong Wang , Yongbiao Wan , Dong Li , Yao Yao

This paper provides a proof of concept for using SRAM based Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) to generate private keys for IoT devices. PUFs are utilized, as there is inadequate protection for secret keys stored in the memory of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Ashwija Reddy Korenda , Fatemeh Afghah , Bertrand Cambou , Christopher Philabaum

Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) identify integrated circuits using nonlinearly-related challenge-response pairs (CRPs). Ideally, the relationship between challenges and corresponding responses is unpredictable, even if a subset of…

A physical unclonable function (PUF) utilizes the unclonable random variations in a device's responses to a set of inputs to produce a unique "biometric" that can be used for authentication. The variations are caused by unpredictable,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Jacob Huber , Supriyo Bandyopadhyay

Noisy measurements of a physical unclonable function (PUF) are used to store secret keys with reliability, security, privacy, and complexity constraints. A new set of low-complexity and orthogonal transforms with no multiplication is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-07 Onur Günlü , Rafael F. Schaefer

Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) are designed to act as device 'fingerprints.' Given an input challenge, the PUF circuit should produce an unpredictable response for use in situations such as root-of-trust applications and other…

Secure communication is of paramount importance in modern society. Asymmetric cryptography methods such as the widely used RSA method allow secure exchange of information between parties who have not shared secret keys. However, the…

A silicon physically unclonable function (PUF) using ring oscillators (ROs) has the advantage of easy application in both an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). Here, we provide a…