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The strong correlation between energy injection and mid-infrared (mid-IR) emission observed during solar flares can be used to probe energy deposition throughout the chromosphere, since the IR tracks prompt flare-induced changes in electron…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-08 Miguel Rojas-Quesada , Lyndsay Fletcher , Hugh Hudson , Sargam M. Mulay , Paulo J. A. Simoes

Variable $\gamma$-ray flares upto minute timescales reflect extreme particle acceleration sites. However, for high-redshift blazars, the detection of such rapid variations remains limited by current telescope sensitivities. Gravitationally…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-14 Sushmita Agarwal , Amit Shukla , Pranjali Sharma

The second-order Fermi acceleration (Fermi-II) driven by turbulence may be responsible for the electron acceleration in blazar jets. We test this model with time-dependent simulations. The hard electron spectrum predicted by the Fermi-II…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 Katsuaki Asano , Fumio Takahara , Masaaki Kusunose , Kenji Toma , Jun Kakuwa

Solar flares are the most powerful explosions occurring in the solar system, which may lead to disastrous space weather events and impact various aspects of our Earth. So far, it is still a big challenge in modern astrophysics to understand…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-28 Baolin Tan , Zhiqiang Yu , Jing Huang , Chengming Tan , Yin Zhang

High-energy gamma-ray (>GeV) emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is very important in probing the jet evolution and particle acceleration of GRBs. The observations of high-energy photons are limited except for a few very bright GRBs,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-11 Shi Chen , Qiang Yuan , Yi-Qing Guo , Ben-Zhong Dai , He Gao , Bing Zhang

The light curves of solar flares in the impulsive phase are complex in general, indicating that multiple physical processes are involved in. With the GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) observations, we find that there…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 HAN , Fei-ran , LIU , Si-ming

Plasma turbulence is thought to be associated with various physical processes involved in solar flares, including magnetic reconnection, particle acceleration and transport. Using Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager ({\it RHESSI})…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 E. P. Kontar , I. G. Hannah , N. H. Bian

Aims. The H-alpha emission of solar flare kernels and associated hard X-ray (HXR) emission often show similar time variations but their light curves are shifted in time by energy transfer mechanisms. We searched for fast radiative response…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 K. Radziszewski , P. Rudawy , K. J. H. Phillips

Generally, large solar flares accelerate electrons to high energies more efficiently than microflares. However, some microflares, known as hard microflares (HMFs), also produce high-energy electrons, as indicated by their flat hard X-ray…

We compare the characteristics of flare-accelerated energetic electrons at the Sun with those injected into interplanetary space. We have identified 17 energetic electron events well-observed with the SEPT instrument aboard STEREO which…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-20 Nina Dresing , A. Warmuth , F. Effenberger , K. -L. Klein , S. Musset , L. Glesener , M. Brüdern

Massive star clusters (SCs) have been proposed as additional contributors to Galactic Cosmic rays (CRs), to overcome the limitations of supernova remnants (SNR) to reach the highest energy end of the Galactic CR spectrum. Thanks to fast…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-22 Giada Peron , Giovanni Morlino , Elena Amato , Stefano Menchiari

Since the era of the Fermi/LAT and atmospheric Cerenkov telescopes, pulsars are known to emit high and very high-energy photons, in the MeV-GeV range and sometimes up to TeV. To date, it is still unclear where and how these photons are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-02-13 Jérôme Pétri

Around 160 gamma-ray pulsars were discovered by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) since 2008. The most energetic of them, 12 objects with emission above 25 GeV, are suitable candidates for the detection with the current and future…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-09 A. Burtovoi , T. Y. Saito , L. Zampieri , T. Hassan

Both electrons and ions are accelerated in solar flares and carry nonthermal energy from the acceleration site to the chromospheric energy loss site, but the relative amount of energy carried by electrons versus ions is subject of debate.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Markus J. Aschwanden

The SEDA-FIB is a detector designed to measure solar neutrons. This solar neutron detector was operated onboard the ISS on July 16, 2009 and March 31, 2018. Eighteen large solar flares were later observed by the GOES satellite in solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-23 K. Kamiya , K. Koga , H. Matsumoto , S. Masuda , Y. Muraki , H. Tajima , S. Shibata

A new mechanism for acceleration and enrichment of 3He during impulsive solar flares is presented. Low-frequency electromagnetic plasma waves excited by the Electron Firehose Instability (EFI) can account for the acceleration of ions up to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 G. Paesold , R. Kallenbach , A. O. Benz

Flaring activity from the jets of active galactic nuclei has been studied for several decades, closely related to the loading and evolution of the jet. In this work, we focus on the sub-hundred parsec jet region, well traced by non-thermal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-07 Alina Kochocki , Emma Kun , Sam Hori

The First \fermi-LAT Catalog of Sources Above 10 GeV reported evidence of pulsed emission above 25 GeV from 12 pulsars, including the Vela pulsar, which showed evidence of pulsation at $>37$ GeV energy bands. Using 62 months of \fermi-LAT…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Gene C. K. Leung , J. Takata , C. W. Ng , A. K. H Kong , P. H. T. Tam , C. Y. Hui , K. S. Cheng

The solar disk is a bright gamma-ray source. Surprisingly, its flux is about one order of magnitude higher than predicted. As a first step toward understanding the physical origin of this discrepancy, we perform a new analysis in 1-100 GeV…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-07-13 Kenny C. Y. Ng , John F. Beacom , Annika H. G. Peter , Carsten Rott

The double humped SED (Spectral Energy Distribution) of blazars, and their flaring phenomena can be explained by various leptonic and hadronic models. However, accurate modeling of the high frequency component and clear identification of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-10 B. Behera , S. J. Wagner