English
Related papers

Related papers: Graphs with high second eigenvalue multiplicity

200 papers

We prove a general upper bound on the $k$-th adjacency eigenvalue of a graph. For $k\ge 2$, we show that \[ \lambda_k(G)\le \frac{(k-2)\sqrt{k+1}+2}{2k(k-1)}\,n-1 \] for every graph $G$ on $n$ vertices. We build on a recent approach that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Varun Sivashankar

A topological graph is $k$-quasi-planar if it does not contain $k$ pairwise crossing edges. A 20-year-old conjecture asserts that for every fixed $k$, the maximum number of edges in a $k$-quasi-planar graph on $n$ vertices is $O(n)$. Fox…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-28 Andrew Suk , Bartosz Walczak

The degree-diameter problem seeks to find the largest possible number of vertices in a graph having given diameter and given maximum degree. There has been much recent interest in the problem for mixed graphs, where we allow both undirected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-19 Grahame Erskine

In this note, we improve the lower bounds for the maximum size of the $k$th largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of a graph for several values of $k$. In particular, we show that closed blowups of the icosahedral graph improve the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-21 William Linz

The goal of this expository note is to give a short, self-contained proof of nearly optimal lower bounds for the second largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of regular graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-22 Igor Balla , Eero Räty , Benny Sudakov , István Tomon

The Fiedler value $\lambda_2$, also known as algebraic connectivity, is the second smallest Laplacian eigenvalue of a graph. We study the maximum Fiedler value among all planar graphs $G$ with $n$ vertices, denoted by $\lambda_{2\max}$, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Lali Barrière , Clemens Huemer , Dieter Mitsche , David Orden

The spectrum of a graph is closely related to many graph parameters. In particular, the spectral gap of a regular graph which is the difference between its valency and second eigenvalue, is widely seen an algebraic measure of connectivity…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-06 Sebastian M. Cioabă , Jack H. Koolen , Masato Mimura , Hiroshi Nozaki , Takayuki Okuda

Let $G$ be a graph on $n \ge 3$ vertices, whose adjacency matrix has eigenvalues $\lambda_1 \ge \lambda_2 \ge \dots \ge \lambda_n$. The problem of bounding $\lambda_k$ in terms of $n$ was first proposed by Hong and was studied by Nikiforov,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-14 Sida Li

The index of a signed graph is the largest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. For positive integers $n$ and $m\le n^2/4$, we determine the maximal index of complete signed graphs with $n$ vertices and $m$ negative edges. This settles (the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Ebrahim Ghorbani , Arezoo Majidi

Let $A_n$ denote the alternating group of degree $n$ with $n\geq 3$. The alternating group graph $AG_n$, extended alternating group graph $EAG_n$ and complete alternating group graph $CAG_n$ are the Cayley graphs $\mathrm{Cay}(A_n,T_1)$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-13 Xueyi Huang , Qiongxiang Huang

For a graph $G$, we associate a family of real symmetric matrices, $\mathcal{S}(G)$, where for any $M \in \mathcal{S}(G)$, the location of the nonzero off-diagonal entries of $M$ are governed by the adjacency structure of $G$. The ordered…

In this paper, we characterize all graphs with eigenvectors of the signless Laplacian and adjacency matrices with components equal to $\{- 1, 0, 1\}.$ We extend the graph parameter max $k$-cut to square matrices and prove a general sharp…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-29 Jorge Alencar , Leonardo de Lima , Vladimir Nikiforov

We characterize all connected graphs with second distance eigenvalue less than $-0.5858$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-10 Rundan Xing , Bo Zhou

We characterize the simple connected graphs with the second largest eigenvalue less than 1/2, which consists of 13 classes of specific graphs. These 13 classes hint that $c_{2}\in [1/2, \sqrt{2+\sqrt{5}}]$, where $c_2$ is the minimum real…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-08 Xiaoxia Wu , Jianguo Qian , Haigen Peng

In this paper, we discuss various connections between the smallest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of a graph and its structure. There are several techniques for obtaining upper bounds on the smallest eigenvalue, and some of them are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-10 Sebastian M. Cioabă , Randall J. Elzinga , David A. Gregory

We use two variational techniques to prove upper bounds for sums of the lowest several eigenvalues of matrices associated with finite, simple, combinatorial graphs. These include estimates for the adjacency matrix of a graph and for both…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2013-08-27 Evans M. Harell , Joachim Stubbe

We study upper bounds for the first non-zero eigenvalue of the Steklov problem defined on finite graphs with boundary. For finite graphs with boundary included in a Cayley graph associated to a group of polynomial growth, we give an upper…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-12 Hélène Perrin

This paper establishes new upper bounds for the sum of the $k$ largest eigenvalues of symmetric matrices. When applied to the adjacency matrix of a graph, our results improve upon a related bound due to Mohar {\bf [On the sum of k largest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Shaowei Sun , Yaping Min , Kinkar Chandra Das

We give lower bounds for the first non-zero Steklov eigenvalue on connected graphs. These bounds depend on the extrinsic diameter of the boundary and not on the diameter of the graph. We obtain a lower bound which is sharp when the cardinal…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-26 Hélène Perrin

Sharp bounds on the least eigenvalue of an arbitrary graph are presented. Necessary and sufficient (just sufficient) conditions for the lower (upper) bound to be attained are deduced using edge clique partitions. As an application, we prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-25 Domingos M. Cardoso , Inês Serôdio Costa , Rui Duarte