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While there is strong evidence for advantages of quantum over classical computation, the repertoire of computational primitives with proven or conjectured quantum advantage remains limited. A big challenge of quantum algorithmic design is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Tom Krüger , Wolfgang Mauerer

Every restriction on quantum operations defines a resource theory, determining how quantum states that cannot be prepared under the restriction may be manipulated and used to circumvent the restriction. A superselection rule is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Gilad Gour , Robert W. Spekkens

Quantum coherence is one of the most important resources in quantum information. Indeed, preventing the loss of coherence is one of the most important technical challenges obstructing the development of large-scale quantum computers.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-16 John H. Selby , Ciarán M. Lee

Bosonic quantum error correction encodes a logical qubit in an oscillator, avoiding the hardware overhead of large qubit arrays. Among such encodings, Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) states are paticularly powerful because their phase-space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Zi-Xu Lu , Gang Liu , Matteo Fadel , Jie Li

Nonstabilizerness, commonly referred to as magic, is a fundamental resource underpinning quantum advantage. In this paper, we propose a magic-informed quantum architecture search (QAS) technique that enables control over a quantum resource…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Vincenzo Lipardi , Domenica Dibenedetto , Georgios Stamoulis , Mark H. M. Winands

We review the basic idea behind resource theories, where we quantify quantum resources by specifying a restricted class of operations. This divides the state space into various sets, including states which are free (because they can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Michał Horodecki , Jonathan Oppenheim

We consider the task of performing shadow tomography of a logical subsystem defined via the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) error correcting code. Our protocol does not require the input state to be a code state but is implemented by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Jonathan Conrad , Jens Eisert , Steven T. Flammia

In most stabilizer-based quantum computing schemes, so-called magic states are a necessary resource for implementing non-transversal quantum gates. With the resource theory of magic, it is possible to analyze and quantify the generation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Carolin Deckers , Justus Neumann , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

Recently there have been fruitful results on resource theories of quantum measurements. Here we investigate the number of measurement outcomes as a kind of resource. We cast the robustness of the resource as a semi-definite positive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-28 Weixu Shi , Chaojing Tang

Quantum metrology promises improved sensitivity in parameter estimation over classical procedures. However, there is an extensive debate over the question how the sensitivity scales with the resources (such as the average photon number) and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-10 Marcin Zwierz , Carlos A. Perez-Delgado , Pieter Kok

Quantum algorithms are promising candidates for the enhancement of computational efficiency for a variety of computational tasks, allowing for the numerical study of physical systems intractable to classical computers. In the Noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-13 Marco Majland , Nikolaj Thomas Zinner

Gaussian loss channels are of particular importance since they model realistic optical communication channels. Except for special cases, quantum capacity of Gaussian loss channels is not yet known completely. In this paper, we provide…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-19 Kyungjoo Noh , Victor V. Albert , Liang Jiang

The use of imaginary numbers in modelling quantum mechanical systems encompasses the wave-like nature of quantum states. Here we introduce a resource theoretic framework for imaginarity, where the free states are taken to be those with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-17 Alexander Hickey , Gilad Gour

This thesis is an exploration of the power of photonic resources, as viewed from several different but related perspectives. They range from quantum computation, precision parameter estimation to the thermodynamics of relativistic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-07 Nana Liu

A recently introduced classical simulation method for universal quantum computation with magic states operates by repeated sampling from probability functions [M. Zurel et al. PRL 260404 (2020)]. This method is closely related to sampling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-05 Michael Zurel , Cihan Okay , Robert Raussendorf

One of the central problems in the study of quantum resource theories is to provide a given resource with an operational meaning, characterizing physical tasks in which the resource can give an explicit advantage over all resourceless…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-06 Ryuji Takagi , Bartosz Regula , Kaifeng Bu , Zi-Wen Liu , Gerardo Adesso

Stabiliser operations occupy a prominent role in fault-tolerant quantum computing. They are defined operationally: by the use of Clifford gates, Pauli measurements and classical control. These operations can be efficiently simulated on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-17 Arne Heimendahl , Markus Heinrich , David Gross

Quantum information processing relies on a variety of resources, including entanglement, coherence, non-Gaussianity, and magic. In realistic settings, protocols run on networks of parties with heterogeneous local resource constraints, so…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-23 Ray Ganardi , Jeongrak Son , Jakub Czartowski , Seok Hyung Lie , Nelly H. Y. Ng

The primary resource for quantum computation is Hilbert-space dimension. Whereas Hilbert space itself is an abstract construction, the number of dimensions available to a system is a physical quantity that requires physical resources.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robin Blume-Kohout , Carlton M. Caves , Ivan H. Deutsch

The Heisenberg representation of quantum operators provides a powerful technique for reasoning about quantum circuits, albeit those restricted to the common (non-universal) Clifford set H, S and CNOT. The Gottesman-Knill theorem showed that…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Robert Rand , Aarthi Sundaram , Kartik Singhal , Brad Lackey