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Many concepts in network science are based on idealized network models. Infrastructure networks, however, are strongly constrained by specific engineering and economic constraints which do not appear in such models. One result is that…
A grand challenge in network science is apparently the missing of a structural theory of networks. The authors have showed that the existence of community structures is a universal phenomenon in real networks, and that neither randomness…
Today's Internet utilizes a multitude of different protocols. While some of these protocols were first implemented and used and later documented, other were first specified and then implemented. Regardless of how protocols came to be, their…
An informed planner wishes to spread information among a group of agents in order to induce efficient coordination -- say the adoption of a new technology with positive externalities. The agents are connected via a social network. The…
Research on the robustness of the Internet has gained critical importance in the last decades because more and more individuals, societies and firms rely on this global network infrastructure for communication, knowledge transfer, business…
The hourglass model is a widely used as a means of describing the design of the Internet, and can be found in the introduction of many modern textbooks. It arguably also applies to the design of other successful spanning layers, notably the…
Enabled and driven by modern advances in wireless telecommunication and artificial intelligence, the convergence of communication, computing, and control is becoming inevitable in future industrial applications. Analytical and optimizing…
Despite its great importance, modern network infrastructure is remarkable for the lack of rigor in its engineering. The Internet which began as a research experiment was never designed to handle the users and applications it hosts today.…
Twenty-seven years ago, one of the biggest societal changes in human history began slowly when the technical foundations for the World Wide Web were defined by Tim Berners-Lee. Ever since, the Web has grown exponentially, reaching far…
Networks such as organizational network of a global company play an important role in a variety of knowledge management and information diffusion tasks. The nodes in these networks correspond to individuals who are self-interested. The…
The current Internet design is not capable to support communications in environments characterized by very long delays and frequent network partitions. To allow devices to communicate in such environments, delay-tolerant networking…
The internet's key points of global control lie in the hands of a few people, primarily private organizations based in the United States. These control points, as they exist today, raise structural risks to the global internet's long-term…
The perspective we take on a system determines the features and properties of this system that we are focusing on. It determines where we search for causes to explain the effects on the system that we observe. It determines the terms in…
The Internet has made several giant leaps over the years, from a fixed to a mobile Internet, then to the Internet of Things, and now to a Tactile Internet. The Tactile Internet goes far beyond data, audio and video delivery over fixed and…
Since the beginning of the digital area, privacy and anonymity have been impacted drastically (both, positively and negatively), by the different technologies developed for communications purposes. The broad possibilities that the Internet…
Robustness is one of the key properties of nowadays networks. However, robustness cannot be simply enforced by design or regulation since many important networks, most prominently the Internet, are not created and controlled by a central…
Broadband Internet service is widely expected to be the fundamental universal service for the 21st century. But more than a decade of national and international struggles to close the digital divide between broadband haves and have nots…
Power-law networks such as the Internet, terrorist cells, species relationships, and cellular metabolic interactions are susceptible to node failures, yet maintaining network connectivity is essential for network functionality.…
The technological revolution of the Internet has digitized the social, economic, political, and cultural activities of billions of humans. While researchers have been paying due attention to concerns of misinformation and bias, these…
How do networks form and what is their ultimate topology? Most of the literature that addresses these questions assumes complete information: agents know in advance the value of linking to other agents, even with agents they have never met…