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The prevailing of artificial intelligence-of-things calls for higher energy-efficient edge computing paradigms, such as neuromorphic agents leveraging brain-inspired spiking neural network (SNN) models based on spatiotemporally sparse…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Haoran Gao , Xichuan Zhou , Yingcheng Lin , Min Tian , Liyuan Liu , Cong Shi

Current Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) underutilize the temporal dynamics inherent in spike-based processing, relying primarily on rate coding while overlooking precise timing information that provides rich computational cues. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Minsuk Jang , Changick Kim

We consider two biologically plausible structures, the Spiking Neural Network (SNN) and the self-attention mechanism. The former offers an energy-efficient and event-driven paradigm for deep learning, while the latter has the ability to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Zhaokun Zhou , Yuesheng Zhu , Chao He , Yaowei Wang , Shuicheng Yan , Yonghong Tian , Li Yuan

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are distributed trainable systems whose computing elements, or neurons, are characterized by internal analog dynamics and by digital and sparse synaptic communications. The sparsity of the synaptic spiking…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-22 Hyeryung Jang , Osvaldo Simeone , Brian Gardner , André Grüning

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), models inspired by neural mechanisms in the brain, allow for energy-efficient implementation on neuromorphic hardware. However, SNNs trained with current direct training approaches are constrained to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Kangrui Du , Yuhang Wu , Shikuang Deng , Shi Gu

Despite recent progress in training spiking neural networks (SNNs) for classification, their application to continuous motor control remains limited. Here, we demonstrate that fully spiking architectures can be trained end-to-end to control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Justus Huebotter , Pablo Lanillos , Marcel van Gerven , Serge Thill

Understanding cognitive processes in the brain demands sophisticated models capable of replicating neural dynamics at large scales. We present a physiologically inspired speech recognition architecture, compatible and scalable with deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Alexandre Bittar , Philip N. Garner

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have gained attention in recent years due to their ability to handle sparse and event-based data better than regular artificial neural networks (ANNs). Since the structure of SNNs is less suited for typically…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-27 Daniel Windhager , Bernhard A. Moser , Michael Lunglmayr

Temporal Neural Networks (TNNs) are spiking neural networks that use time as a resource to represent and process information, similar to the mammalian neocortex. In contrast to compute-intensive deep neural networks that employ separate…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Harideep Nair , John Paul Shen , James E. Smith

Among the main features of biological intelligence are energy efficiency, capacity for continual adaptation, and risk management via uncertainty quantification. Neuromorphic engineering has been thus far mostly driven by the goal of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Nicolas Skatchkovsky , Hyeryung Jang , Osvaldo Simeone

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are well known as a promising energy-efficient alternative to conventional artificial neural networks. Subject to the preconceived impression that SNNs are sparse firing, the analysis and optimization of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Man Yao , Jiakui Hu , Guangshe Zhao , Yaoyuan Wang , Ziyang Zhang , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Despite their success in various vision tasks, deep neural network architectures often underperform in out-of-distribution scenarios due to the difference between training and target domain style. To address this limitation, we introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Robin Gerster , Holger Caesar , Matthias Rapp , Alexander Wolpert , Michael Teutsch

Known as low energy consumption networks, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have gained a lot of attention within the past decades. While SNNs are increasing competitive with artificial neural networks (ANNs) for vision tasks, they are rarely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Shuaijie Shen , Chao Wang , Renzhuo Huang , Yan Zhong , Qinghai Guo , Zhichao Lu , Jianguo Zhang , Luziwei Leng

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) employing unsupervised learning methods inspired by neural plasticity are expected to be a new framework for artificial intelligence. In this study, we investigated the effect of multiple types of neural…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Shinnosuke Touda , Hirotsugu Okuno

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have garnered a great amount of interest for supervised and unsupervised learning applications. This paper deals with the problem of training multi-layer feedforward SNNs. The non-linear integrate-and-fire…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Navin Anwani , Bipin Rajendran

Neural ordinary differential equations (neural ODEs) have emerged as a novel network architecture that bridges dynamical systems and deep learning. However, the gradient obtained with the continuous adjoint method in the vanilla neural ODE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Hong Zhang , Wenjun Zhao

Event-based cameras are attracting significant interest as they provide rich edge information, high dynamic range, and high temporal resolution. Many state-of-the-art event-based algorithms rely on splitting the events into fixed groups,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Jiahang Cao , Mingyuan Sun , Ziqing Wang , Hao Cheng , Qiang Zhang , Shibo Zhou , Renjing Xu

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are promising brain-inspired energy-efficient models. Recent progress in training methods has enabled successful deep SNNs on large-scale tasks with low latency. Particularly, backpropagation through time…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Mingqing Xiao , Qingyan Meng , Zongpeng Zhang , Di He , Zhouchen Lin

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have demonstrated excellent capabilities in various intelligent scenarios. Most existing methods for training SNNs are based on the concept of synaptic plasticity; however, learning in the realistic brain also…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Hongze Sun , Wuque Cai , Baoxin Yang , Yan Cui , Yang Xia , Dezhong Yao , Daqing Guo

Neuromorphic data carries information in spatio-temporal patterns encoded by spikes. Accordingly, a central problem in neuromorphic computing is training spiking neural networks (SNNs) to reproduce spatio-temporal spiking patterns in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Bleema Rosenfeld , Osvaldo Simeone , Bipin Rajendran