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Learning features from data is one of the defining characteristics of deep learning, but our theoretical understanding of the role features play in deep learning is still rudimentary. To address this gap, we introduce a new tool, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Yiding Jiang , Christina Baek , J. Zico Kolter

Generalized linear and additive models are very efficient regression tools but the selection of relevant terms becomes difficult if higher order interactions are needed. In contrast, tree-based methods also known as recursive partitioning…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-04-21 Gerhard Tutz , Moritz Berger

In this paper we apply the previously introduced approximation method based on the ANOVA (analysis of variance) decomposition and Grouped Transformations to synthetic and real data. The advantage of this method is the interpretability of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-31 Daniel Potts , Michael Schmischke

Taiwan's auditors have suffered from processing excessive audit data, including drawing audit evidence. This study advances sampling techniques by integrating machine learning with sampling. This machine learning integration helps avoid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Guang-Yih Sheu , Nai-Ru Liu

In many applications, data can be heterogeneous in the sense of spanning latent groups with different underlying distributions. When predictive models are applied to such data the heterogeneity can affect both predictive performance and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-04 Thomas Lartigue , Sach Mukherjee

A popular way to estimate the causal effect of a variable x on y from observational data is to use an instrumental variable (IV): a third variable z that affects y only through x. The more strongly z is associated with x, the more reliable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Zhaobin Kuang , Frederic Sala , Nimit Sohoni , Sen Wu , Aldo Córdova-Palomera , Jared Dunnmon , James Priest , Christopher Ré

Data selection is of great significance in pre-training large language models, given the variation in quality within the large-scale available training corpora. To achieve this, researchers are currently investigating the use of data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Chi Zhang , Huaping Zhong , Kuan Zhang , Chengliang Chai , Rui Wang , Xinlin Zhuang , Tianyi Bai , Jiantao Qiu , Lei Cao , Ju Fan , Ye Yuan , Guoren Wang , Conghui He

Joinpoint regression is used to determine the number of segments needed to adequately explain the relationship between two variables. This methodology can be widely applied to real problems, but we focus on epidemiological data, the main…

Applications · Statistics 2011-12-08 Miguel A. Martinez-Beneito , Gonzalo García-Donato , Diego Salmerón

In this discussion we consider why it is important to estimate causal effect parameters well even they are not identified, propose a partially identified approach for causal inference in the presence of colliders, point out an…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-01 Edward H. Kennedy , Sivaraman Balakrishnan

The pairwise objective paradigms are an important and essential aspect of machine learning. Examples of machine learning approaches that use pairwise objective functions include differential network in face recognition, metric learning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Hilal AlQuabeh , Aliakbar Abdurahimov

Variations in complex traits are influenced by multiple genetic variants, environmental risk factors, and their interactions. Though substantial progress has been made in identifying single genetic variants associated with complex traits,…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-22 Ming Li , Ruo-Sin Peng , Changshuai Wei , Qing Lu

Unit-level models for survey data offer many advantages over their area-level counterparts, such as potential for more precise estimates and a natural benchmarking property. However two main challenges occur in this context: accounting for…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-05-18 Paul A. Parker , Scott H. Holan , Ryan Janicki

Precision matrix, which is the inverse of covariance matrix, plays an important role in statistics, as it captures the partial correlation between variables. Testing the equality of two precision matrices in high dimensional setting is a…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-23 Mingjuan Zhang , Yong He , Cheng Zhou , Xinsheng Zhang

We construct a "hyperparameter matrix" statistical method for performing the joint analyses of multiple correlated astronomical data sets, in which the weights of data sets are determined by their own statistical properties. This method is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-20 Yin-Zhe Ma , Aaron Berndsen

Unsupervised machine learning, and in particular data clustering, is a powerful approach for the analysis of datasets and identification of characteristic features occurring throughout a dataset. It is gaining popularity across scientific…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-03-23 Maria El Abbassi , Jan Overbeck , Oliver Braun , Michel Calame , Herre S. J. van der Zant , Mickael L. Perrin

Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Like many cancers, diagnosis involves expert integration of heterogeneous patient information such as imaging, clinical risk factors, and more. For this…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-02 Gregory Holste , Douwe van der Wal , Hans Pinckaers , Rikiya Yamashita , Akinori Mitani , Andre Esteva

Interacting systems are ubiquitous in nature and engineering, ranging from particle dynamics in physics to functionally connected brain regions. These interacting systems can be modeled by graphs where edges correspond to the interactions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Zhichao Han , Olga Fink , David S. Kammer

Objective: Modelling the associations from high-throughput experimental molecular data has provided unprecedented insights into biological pathways and signalling mechanisms. Graphical models and networks have especially proven to be useful…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-04-24 Marco Scutari , Radhakrishnan Nagarajan

In data analysis, latent variables play a central role because they help provide powerful insights into a wide variety of phenomena, ranging from biological to human sciences. The latent tree model, a particular type of probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-02-05 Raphaël Mourad , Christine Sinoquet , Nevin L. Zhang , Tengfei Liu , Philippe Leray

Image data are increasingly encountered and are of growing importance in many areas of science. Much of these data are quantitative image data, which are characterized by intensities that represent some measurement of interest in the…