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Semantic textual similarity is the task of estimating the similarity between the meaning of two texts. In this paper, we fine-tune transformer architectures for semantic textual similarity on the Semantic Textual Similarity Benchmark by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Ivan Rep , Vladimir Čeperić

Neural machine translation has recently achieved impressive results, while using little in the way of external linguistic information. In this paper we show that the strong learning capability of neural MT models does not make linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-29 Rico Sennrich , Barry Haddow

Developing dataset-specific models involves iterative fine-tuning and optimization, incurring significant costs over time. This study investigates the transferability of state-of-the-art (SOTA) models trained on established datasets to an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Sridevi Bonthu , S. Rama Sree , M. H. M. Krishna Prasad

In natural language processing tasks, pure reinforcement learning (RL) fine-tuning methods often suffer from inefficient exploration and slow convergence; while supervised fine-tuning (SFT) methods, although efficient in training, have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Min Zeng , Jingfei Sun , Xueyou Luo , Caiquan Liu , Shiqi Zhang , Li Xie , Xiaoxin Chen

The success of Large Language Models (LLMs) in other domains has raised the question of whether LLMs can reliably assess and manipulate the readability of text. We approach this question empirically. First, using a published corpus of 4,724…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Sean Trott , Pamela D. Rivière

Tokenization and sub-tokenization based models like word2vec, BERT and the GPTs are the state-of-the-art in natural language processing. Typically, these approaches have limitations with respect to their input representation. They fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Felix Schneider , Maria Gogolev , Sven Sickert , Joachim Denzler

Text readability assessment has a wide range of applications for different target people, from language learners to people with disabilities. The fast pace of textual content production on the web makes it impossible to measure text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Salar Mohtaj , Babak Naderi , Sebastian Möller , Faraz Maschhur , Chuyang Wu , Max Reinhard

State-of-the-art text simplification (TS) systems adopt end-to-end neural network models to directly generate the simplified version of the input text, and usually function as a blackbox. Moreover, TS is usually treated as an all-purpose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Yu Qiao , Xiaofei Li , Daniel Wiechmann , Elma Kerz

Large-scale conversational assistants like Alexa, Siri, Cortana and Google Assistant process every utterance using multiple models for domain, intent and named entity recognition. Given the decoupled nature of model development and large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Rakesh Chada , Pradeep Natarajan , Darshan Fofadiya , Prathap Ramachandra

With the ever-increasing complexity of neural language models, practitioners have turned to methods for understanding the predictions of these models. One of the most well-adopted approaches for model interpretability is feature-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Muhammad Bilal Zafar , Michele Donini , Dylan Slack , Cédric Archambeau , Sanjiv Das , Krishnaram Kenthapadi

The Transformer model is widely used in natural language processing for sentence representation. However, the previous Transformer-based models focus on function words that have limited meaning in most cases and could merely extract…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Yu Shi

Existing text representations such as embeddings and bag-of-words are not suitable for rule learning due to their high dimensionality and absent or questionable feature-level interpretability. This article explores whether large language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Vojtěch Balek , Lukáš Sýkora , Vilém Sklenák , Tomáš Kliegr

Corpora and web texts can become a rich language learning resource if we have a means of assessing whether they are linguistically appropriate for learners at a given proficiency level. In this paper, we aim at addressing this issue by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-03-30 Ildikó Pilán , Sowmya Vajjala , Elena Volodina

For readability assessment, traditional methods mainly employ machine learning classifiers with hundreds of linguistic features. Although the deep learning model has become the prominent approach for almost all NLP tasks, it is less…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Wenbiao Li , Ziyang Wang , Yunfang Wu

Transformers are widely used in natural language processing, where they consistently achieve state-of-the-art performance. This is mainly due to their attention-based architecture, which allows them to model rich linguistic relations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Nikolaos Mylonas , Ioannis Mollas , Grigorios Tsoumakas

Emotion detection is a central problem in NLP, with recent progress driven by transformer-based models trained on established datasets. However, little is known about the linguistic regularities that characterize how emotions are expressed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Florian Lecourt , Madalina Croitoru , Konstantin Todorov

Semantic similarity analysis and modeling is a fundamentally acclaimed task in many pioneering applications of natural language processing today. Owing to the sensation of sequential pattern recognition, many neural networks like RNNs and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Praneeth Nemani , Satyanarayana Vollala

The sentiment analysis task in Tamil-English code-mixed texts has been explored using advanced transformer-based models. Challenges from grammatical inconsistencies, orthographic variations, and phonetic ambiguities have been addressed. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Mikhail Krasitskii , Olga Kolesnikova , Liliana Chanona Hernandez , Grigori Sidorov , Alexander Gelbukh

One reason pretraining on self-supervised linguistic tasks is effective is that it teaches models features that are helpful for language understanding. However, we want pretrained models to learn not only to represent linguistic features,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Alex Warstadt , Yian Zhang , Haau-Sing Li , Haokun Liu , Samuel R. Bowman

Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) is a critical task in Natural Language Processing (NLP) that focuses on extracting sentiments related to specific aspects within a text, offering deep insights into customer opinions. Traditional…