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Exceptional points (EPs) are singularities in the parameter space of a non-Hermitian system where eigenenergies and eigenstates coincide. They hold promise for enhancing sensing applications, but this is limited by the divergence of shot…

Optics · Physics 2025-04-07 Xu Zheng , Y. D. Chong

Non-Hermitian systems at the exceptional point (EP) degeneracy are demonstrated to be highly sensitive to environmental perturbation. Here, we propose and theoretically investigate a novel multilayered heterostructure favoring double EPs…

Optics · Physics 2019-03-21 Jieun Yim , Han Zhao , Bikashkali Midya , Liang Feng

Non-Hermitian degeneracies are classified as defective and nondefective exceptional points~(EP). While in defective EPs, both eigenvalues and eigenenergies coalesce, nondefective EPs are characterized merely by the occurrence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-03 Sharareh Sayyad

Exceptional points (EPs) are special parameter values of a non-Hermitian eigenvalue problem where eigenfunctions corresponding to a multiple eigenvalue coalesce. In optics, EPs are associated with a number of counter-intuitive wave…

Optics · Physics 2019-10-08 Amgad Abdrabou , Ya Yan Lu

Higher-order exceptional points in the spectrum of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians describing open quantum or wave systems have a variety of potential applications in particular in optics and photonics. However, the experimental realization is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-05 Jan Wiersig

Exceptional points (EPs) are degeneracies of non-Hermitian systems, where both eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce. Classical and quantum systems exhibiting high-order EPs have recently been identified as fundamental building blocks for…

Exceptional points (EPs) correspond to degeneracies of open systems. These are attracting much interest in optics, optoelectronics, plasmonics, and condensed matter physics. In the classical and semiclassical approaches, Hamiltonian EPs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-13 Fabrizio Minganti , Adam Miranowicz , Ravindra W. Chhajlany , Franco Nori

In non-Hermitian physics, high-order exceptional points(HOEPs) with eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce are known for their enhanced sensitivity to perturbations. Typically, they exhibit eigenvalue splitting that scales as…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-16 Teng Yin , Hao Zhang

Spectral degeneracies (dubbed nodal points in momentum space) play fundamental roles in understanding exotic properties of light and matter. In lattice systems, unpaired band-structure degeneracies are subject to well-established no-go…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Kunkun Wang , J. Lukas K. König , Kang Yang , Lei Xiao , Wei Yi , Emil J. Bergholtz , Peng Xue

In this article, the non-Hermitian characteristics of three-dimensional PT-symmetric coupled electronic resonators are theoretically analyzed. First, the concept of non-Hermitian PT symmetry is illustrated in the context of electronics…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-11-04 Ke Yin , Kaihao Tang , Lu Tan , Saddam Ibrahim Dawalbait Bakhat , Tianyu Dong , Huacheng Zhu , Yang Yang

Exceptional points~(EPs) appear as degeneracies in the spectrum of non-Hermitian matrices at which the eigenvectors coalesce. In general, an EP of order $n$ may find room to emerge if $2(n-1)$ real constraints are imposed. Our results show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-29 Sharareh Sayyad , Flore K. Kunst

In this work, based on an analogy with holographic confining geometries and using complexified fields, we build a holographic toy model of third order photonic exceptional points (EPs) of ternary coupled microrings with gain and loss, which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-28 Mahdis Ghodrati

As an important device for detecting rotation, high sensitivity gyroscope is required for practical applications. In recent years, exceptional point (EP) shows its potential in enhancing the sensitivity of sensing in optical cavity. Here we…

Optics · Physics 2020-09-25 Xuan Mao , Guo-qing Qin , Hao Zhang , Hong Yang , Min Wang , Gui-lu Long

Non-Hermitian singularities known as exceptional-points (EPs) have been shown to exhibit increased sensitivities but the observation of EPs has so far been limited to wavelength scaled systems subject to diffraction limit. We propose a…

Optics · Physics 2019-04-03 J. -H. Park , A. Ndao , W. Cai , L. -Y. Hsu , A. Kodigala , T. Lepetit , Y. -H. Lo , B. Kanté

Exceptional points (EPs) are non-Hermitian singularities associated with the coalescence of individual eigenvectors accompanied by the degeneracy of their complex energies. Here, we report the discovery of a generalization to the concept of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Zhen Li , Xulong Wang , Rundong Cai , Kenji Shimomura , Congwei Lu , Zhesen Yang , Masatoshi Sato , Guancong Ma

We engineer mechanical gain (loss) in system formed by two optomechanical cavities (OMCs), that are mechanically coupled. The gain (loss) is controlled by driving the resonator with laser that is blue (red) detuned. We predict analytically…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-02-18 P. Djorwe , Y. Pennec , B. Djafari-Rouhani

Non-Hermitian systems exhibit a variety of unique features rooted in the presence of exceptional points (EP). The distinct topological structure in the proximity of an EP gives rise to counterintuitive behaviors absent in Hermitian systems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 He Zhang , Tong Liu , Zhongcheng Xiang , Kai Xu , Heng Fan , Dongning Zheng

We demonstrate third-order conjugate exceptional points (EPs) in a gain-loss assisted multi-mode 1D complementary photonic bandgap waveguide. Our study reveals the higher-order mode conversion phenomenon facilitated by parametrically…

Optics · Physics 2025-04-02 Sibnath Dey , Harish N S Krishnamoorthy , Somnath Ghosh

Exceptional points (EPs) are truly non-Hermitian (NH) degeneracies where matrices become defective. The order of such an EP is given by the number of coalescing eigenvectors. On the one hand, most work focuses on studying $N$th-order EPs in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-11 Julius T. Gohsrich , Jacob Fauman , Flore K. Kunst

We propose an analysis technique for the exceptional points (EPs) occurring in the discrete spectrum of open quantum systems (OQS), using a semi-infinite chain coupled to an endpoint impurity as a prototype. We outline our method to locate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-16 Savannah Garmon , Ingrid Rotter , Naomichi Hatano , Dvira Segal