Related papers: Notes on symmetries in particle physics
The standard model of particle physics represents the cornerstone of our understanding of the microscopic world. In these lectures we review its contents and structure, with a particular emphasis on the central role played by symmetries and…
We reconstruct the Lagrangian of a left-right symmetric model with the gauge group $SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R\times U(1)_Y \times \pi_4(SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R\times U(1)_Y) $. The Higgs fields appear as gauge fields on discrete gauge group…
This is a historical account from my personal perspective of the development over the last few decades of the standard model of particle physics. The model is based on gauge theories, of which the first was quantum electrodynamics,…
Essential properties of semiclassical approximation for quantum mechanics are viewed as axioms of an abstract semiclassical mechanics. Its symmetry properties are discussed. Semiclassical systems being invariant under Lie groups are…
The Standard Model of particle physics is standardly formulated in terms of principal fibre bundles and their associated representations -- what may be called a symmetry-first approach. This paper develops an alternative geometry-first…
An ultraviolet complete particle model is constructed for the observed particles of the standard model. The quantum field theory associates infinite derivative entire functions with propagators and vertices, which make quantum loops finite…
The present lectures contain an introduction to low energy supersymmetry, a new symmetry that relates bosons and fermions, in particle physics. The Standard Model of fundamental interactions is briefly reviewed, and the motivation to…
We present a model in which elementary particles and forces are unified in the framework of quantum field theory in higher dimensions. The particles include gauge bosons, quarks and leptons, as well as the Higgs bosons and the forces…
Gravity can be formulated as a gauge theory by combining symmetry principles and geometrical methods in a consistent mathematical framework. The gauge approach to gravity leads directly to non-Euclidean, post-Riemannian spacetime…
In these lectures I review the status of gravity from the point of view of the gauge principle and renormalization, the main tools in the toolbox of theoretical particle physics. In the first lecture I start from the old question "in what…
A structural explanation of the coupling constants in the standard model, i.e the fine structure constant and the Weinberg angle, and of the gauge fixing contributions is given in terms of symmetries and representation theory. The coupling…
A Lagrangian description is presented which can be used in conjunction with particle interpretations of quantum mechanics. A special example of such an interpretation is the well-known Bohm model. The Lagrangian density introduced here also…
Symmetry plays a central role in quantum field theory. Recent developments include symmetries that act on defects and other subsystems, and symmetries that are categorical rather than group-like. These generalized notions of symmetry allow…
According to the introduction of a minimal length to quantum field theory which is directly related to a generalized uncertainty principle the implementation of the gauge principle becomes much more intricated. It has been shown in another…
Numerical simulations have become an important tool to understand and predict non-perturbative phenomena in particle physics. In this article we attempt to present a general overview over the field. First, the basic concepts of lattice…
A consistent description of the fundamental interactions of particle physics based upon the assumption of 6 real extra dimensions is presented. The usual 4-dimension space-time, a curved hypersurface with the Lorentz group as local…
Eugene Wigner showed already in 1939 that the elementary particles are related to the irreducible representations of the Poincare algebra. In the light-cone frame formulation of quantum field theory one can extend these representations to…
The quantum deformed (1+1) Poincare' algebra is shown to be the kinematical symmetry of the harmonic chain, whose spacing is given by the deformation parameter. Phonons with their symmetries as well as multiphonon processes are derived from…
In this paper, we review a general technique for converting the standard Lagrangian description of a classical system into a formulation that puts time on an equal footing with the system's degrees of freedom. We show how the resulting…
The concepts of symmetry, symmetry breaking and gauge symmetries are discussed, their operational meaning being displayed by the observables {\em and} the (physical) states. For infinitely extended systems the states fall into physically…