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This tutorial gives a general introduction to optical and infrared interferometry, specifically addressing two questions: `Can I use VLTI to observe my favourite object?' and `What will it tell me?' The observables measured by an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Timothy R. Bedding

The frequency of microlensing planet detections, particularly in difficult-to-model high-magnification events, is increasing. Their analysis can require tens of thousands of processor hours or more, primarily because of the high density and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Andrew Gould

We show that distances of objects at cosmological distances can be measured directly using interferometry. Our approach to interferometric parallax comes from analysis of 4-point amplitude and intensity correlations that can be generated…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Pankaj Jain , John P. Ralston

To overcome the high optical extinction, near-infrared observations are needed for probing the microlensing events toward the Galactic center. The 2015-2019 UKIRT microlensing survey toward the Galactic center is the first dedicated…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-06 Yongxin Wen , Weicheng Zang , Bo Ma

Gravitational microlensing finds planets through their gravitational influence on the light coming from a more distant background star. The presence of the planet is then inferred from the tell-tale brightness variations of the background…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-15 Yiannis Tsapras

We present microlens parallax measurements for 21 (apparently) isolated lenses observed toward the Galactic bulge that were imaged simultaneously from Earth and Spitzer, which was ~1 AU West of Earth in projection. We combine these…

While microlensing is very rare, occurring on average once per million stars observed, current and near-future surveys are coming online with the capability of providing photometry of almost the entire visible sky to depths up to R ~ 22 mag…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-30 D. Godines , E. Bachelet , G. Narayan , R. A. Street

The relative transverse velocity of a lens with respect to the source star in gravitational lensing results in a frequency shift in the light rays passing by a lens. We propose using this relativistic effect for measuring the relative…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-08 Sohrab Rahvar

Occultation and microlensing are different limits of the same phenomena of one body passing in front of another body. We derive a general exact analytic expression which describes both microlensing and occultation in the case of spherical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Eric Agol

At present, microlensing light curves from different telescopes and filters are photometrically aligned by fitting them to a common model. We present a second method based on photometry of common field stars. If two spectral responses are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Andrew Gould , Subo Dong , David P. Bennett , Ian A. Bond , Andrzej Udalski , Szymon Kozlowski

Microlensing of distant stars in the Milky Way by the nearby high proper motion stars offers a direct way to precisely measure the masses of single lower main sequence stars and brown dwarfs.

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Paczynski

There are expected to be millions of isolated black holes in the Galaxy resulting from the death of massive stars. Measuring the abundance and properties of this remnant population would shed light on the end stages of stellar evolution and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-21 Zofia Kaczmarek , Peter McGill , Scott E. Perkins , William A. Dawson , Macy Huston , Ming-Feng Ho , Natasha S. Abrams , Jessica R. Lu

(abridged) Using the particularly long gravitational microlensing event OGLE-2014-BLG-1186 with a time-scale $t_\mathrm{E}$ ~ 300 d, we present a methodology for identifying the nature of localised deviations from single-lens point-source…

Determining the physical properties of microlensing events depends on having accurate angular sizes of the source star. Using long-baseline optical interferometry we are able to measure the angular sizes of nearby stars with uncertainties…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-06 Arthur D. Adams , Tabetha S. Boyajian , Kaspar von Braun

Among various techniques to search for extra-solar planets, microlensing has some unique characteristics. Contrary to all other methods which favour nearby objects, microlensing is sensitive to planets around stars at distances of several…

Extended source effects can be seen in gravitational lensing events when sources cross critical lines. Those events probe the stellar intensity profile and could be used to measure limb darkening coefficients to test stellar model…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Hans J. Witt , F. Atrio-Barandela

Gravitational lensing allows us to probe the structure of matter on a broad range of astronomical scales, and as light from a distant source traverses an intervening galaxy, compact matter such as planets, stars, and black holes act as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-09 Hugh Garsden , Geraint F. Lewis

We analyze three years (1998-2000) of OGLE observations of microlensing events to place limits on the abundance of planets with a planet-to-star mass ratio $q=10^{-3}$ at distances $\sim 1-4$AU from their host stars, i.e. `cool Jupiters'.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Yiannis Tsapras , Keith Horne , Stephen Kane , Richard Carson

Improved quantum sensing of photons from astronomical objects could provide high resolution observations in the optical benefiting numerous fields, including general relativity, dark matter studies, and cosmology. It has been recently…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-03 Paul Stankus , Andrei Nomerotski , Anže Slosar , Stephen Vintskevich

Gravitational microlensing is a new technique that allows low-mass exoplanets to be detected at large distances of ~7kpc. This paper briefly outlines the principles of the method and describes the observational techniques. It shows that…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. W. Christie