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Graph neural networks (GNN) are powerful models for many graph-structured tasks. Existing models often assume that the complete structure of the graph is available during training. In practice, however, graph-structured data is usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Chen Wang , Yuheng Qiu , Dasong Gao , Sebastian Scherer

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as one of the leading approaches for machine learning on graph-structured data. Despite their great success, critical computational challenges such as over-smoothing, over-squashing, and limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Zhiqi Shao , Dai Shi , Andi Han , Yi Guo , Qibin Zhao , Junbin Gao

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a promising deep learning approach for circumventing many real-world problems on graph-structured data. However, these models usually have at least one of four fundamental limitations: over-smoothing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Xun Liu , Alex Hay-Man Ng , Fangyuan Lei , Yikuan Zhang , Zhengmin Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a notorious alternative to address learning problems dealing with non-Euclidean datasets. However, although most works assume that the graph is perfectly known, the observed topology is prone to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Victor M. Tenorio , Samuel Rey , Antonio G. Marques

Graph neural networks (GNNs) demonstrate a robust capability for representation learning on graphs with complex structures, showcasing superior performance in various applications. The majority of existing GNNs employ a graph convolution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jinlu Wang , Jipeng Guo , Yanfeng Sun , Junbin Gao , Shaofan Wang , Yachao Yang , Baocai Yin

The over-smoothing problem is an obstacle of developing deep graph neural network (GNN). Although many approaches to improve the over-smoothing problem have been proposed, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding and conclusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Weichen Zhao , Chenguang Wang , Congying Han , Tiande Guo

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have recently become the primary choice for learning from graph-structured data, superseding hash fingerprints in representing chemical compounds. However, GCNs lack the ability to take into account the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Tomasz Danel , Przemysław Spurek , Jacek Tabor , Marek Śmieja , Łukasz Struski , Agnieszka Słowik , Łukasz Maziarka

As much as Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have shown tremendous success in recommender systems and collaborative filtering (CF), the mechanism of how they, especially the core components (\textit{i.e.,} neighborhood aggregation)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Shaowen Peng , Kazunari Sugiyama , Tsunenori Mine

Despite the recent success of graph neural networks (GNN), common architectures often exhibit significant limitations, including sensitivity to oversmoothing, long-range dependencies, and spurious edges, e.g., as can occur as a result of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Yongyi Yang , Tang Liu , Yangkun Wang , Jinjing Zhou , Quan Gan , Zhewei Wei , Zheng Zhang , Zengfeng Huang , David Wipf

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are the predominant technique for learning over graphs. However, there is relatively little understanding of why GNNs are successful in practice and whether they are necessary for good performance. Here, we show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Qian Huang , Horace He , Abhay Singh , Ser-Nam Lim , Austin R. Benson

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a type of neural network capable of learning on graph-structured data. However, training GNNs on large-scale graphs is challenging due to iterative aggregations of high-dimensional features from neighboring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Nikolai Merkel , Pierre Toussing , Ruben Mayer , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

A Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) stacks several layers and in each layer performs a PROPagation operation (PROP) and a TRANsformation operation (TRAN) for learning node representations over graph-structured data. Though powerful, GCNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Kuangqi Zhou , Yanfei Dong , Kaixin Wang , Wee Sun Lee , Bryan Hooi , Huan Xu , Jiashi Feng

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown prominent performance on attributed network embedding. However, existing efforts mainly focus on exploiting network structures, while the exploitation of node attributes is rather limited as they only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Qiaoyu Tan , Xin Zhang , Xiao Huang , Hao Chen , Jundong Li , Xia Hu

Numerous recent research on graph neural networks (GNNs) has focused on formulating GNN architectures as an optimization problem with the smoothness assumption. However, in node classification tasks, the smoothing effect induced by GNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Jiayu Zhai , Lequan Lin , Dai Shi , Junbin Gao

Graph Neural Networks are powerful models for learning from graph-structured data, yet their effectiveness is often limited by two critical challenges: over-squashing, where information from distant nodes is excessively compressed, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Hugo Attali , Nathalie Pernelle , Davide Buscaldi , Fragkiskos D. Malliaros

Graph Neural Networks are powerful models for learning from graph-structured data, yet their effectiveness is often limited by two critical challenges: over-squashing, where information from distant nodes is excessively compressed, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Hugo Attali , Davide Buscaldi , Nathalie Pernelle , Fragkiskos D. Malliaros

A graph convolutional network (GCN) employs a graph filtering kernel tailored for data with irregular structures. However, simply stacking more GCN layers does not improve performance; instead, the output converges to an uninformative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Jin Zeng , Yang Liu , Gene Cheung , Wei Hu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) face two fundamental challenges when scaled to deep architectures: oversmoothing, where node representations converge to indistinguishable vectors, and oversquashing, where information from distant nodes fails…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Mostafa Haghir Chehreghani

Graph convolution (GConv) is a widely used technique that has been demonstrated to be extremely effective for graph learning applications, most notably node categorization. On the other hand, many GConv-based models do not quantify the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Zhiqian Chen , Zonghan Zhang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have enjoyed wide spread applications in graph-structured data. However, existing graph based applications commonly lack annotated data. GNNs are required to learn latent patterns from a limited amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Wenqi Wei , Mu Qiao , Divyesh Jadav