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To understand the contact patterns of a population -- who is in contact with whom, and when the contacts happen -- is crucial for modeling outbreaks of infectious disease. Traditional theoretical epidemiology assumes that any individual can…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-10-22 Petter Holme

By using modern cryptographic techniques, privacy-preserving Automated Exposure Notification (AEN) technologies offer the promise of mitigating disease spread by automatically recording contacts between people over the incubation period…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Jesslyn Alekseyev , Erica Dixon , Vilhelm L Andersen Woltz , Danny Weitzner

Albeit numerous countries relied on contact-tracing (CT) applications as an epidemic control measure against the COVID-19 pandemic, the debate around their effectiveness is still open. Most studies indicate that very high levels of adoption…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-07-26 Ariadna Fosch , Alberto Aleta , Yamir Moreno

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has become a major threat to human health and well-being. Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as contact tracing solutions are important to contain the spreads of COVID-19-like infectious diseases. However,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Peng Hu

A generalization of the standard susceptible-infectious-removed (SIR) stochastic model for epidemics in sparse random networks is introduced which incorporates contact tracing in addition to random screening. We propose a deterministic…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2009-11-07 Ramon Huerta , Lev S. Tsimring

In this paper we study a susceptible infectious recovered (SIR) model with asymptomatic patients, contact tracing and isolation on a configuration network. Using degree based approximation, we derive a system of differential equations for…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Duan-Shin Lee , Ting-Zhe Liu , Ruhui Zhang , Cheng-Shang Chang

The integration of empirical data in computational frameworks to model the spread of infectious diseases poses challenges that are becoming pressing with the increasing availability of high-resolution information on human mobility and…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-04-24 Anna Machens , Francesco Gesualdo , Caterina Rizzo , Alberto E Tozzi , Alain Barrat , Ciro Cattuto

Governments and researchers around the world are implementing digital contact tracing solutions to stem the spread of infectious disease, namely COVID-19. Many of these solutions threaten individual rights and privacy. Our goal is to break…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Alex Berke , Michiel Bakker , Praneeth Vepakomma , Kent Larson , Alex 'Sandy' Pentland

Containment, the key strategy in quickly halting an epidemic, requires rapid identification and quarantine of the infected individuals, determination of whom they have had close contact with in the previous days and weeks, and…

When an unprecedented infectious disease with high mortality and transmissibility emerges, immediate usage of vaccines or medicines is hardly available. Thus, many health authorities rely on non-pharmaceutical interventions through…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-01-21 Minsuk Kim , Soon-Hyung Yook

Contact tracing has grown in popularity as a promising solution to the COVID-19 pandemic. The benefits of automated contact tracing are two-fold. Contact tracing promises to reduce the number of infections by being able to: 1)…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Allison Cohen , Abhishek Gupta

Contact tracing data collected from disease outbreaks has received relatively little attention in the epidemic modelling literature because it is thought to be unreliable: infection sources might be wrongly attributed, or data might be…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-03-16 Chris Jewell , Gareth Roberts

We present a general framework for adaptive allocation of viral tests in social contact networks. We pose and solve several complementary problems. First, we consider the design of a social sensing system whose objective is the early…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Pau Batlle , Joan Bruna , Carlos Fernandez-Granda , Victor M. Preciado

The COVID-19 crisis represents the most dangerous threat to public health since the H1N1 influenza pandemic of 1918. So far, the disease due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been countered with extreme measures at national level that attempt to…

Contact tracing, the practice of isolating individuals who have been in contact with infected individuals, is an effective and practical way of containing disease spread. Here, we show that this strategy is particularly effective in the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-12 Abbas K. Rizi , Leah A. Keating , James P. Gleeson , David J. P. O'Sullivan , Mikko Kivelä

Recent studies in network science and control have shown a meaningful relationship between the epidemic processes (e.g., COVID-19 spread) and some network properties. This paper studies how such network properties, namely clustering…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Mohammadreza Doostmohammadian , Hamid R. Rabiee

Digital contact tracing apps for COVID, such as the one developed by Google and Apple, need to estimate the risk that a user was infected during a particular exposure, in order to decide whether to notify the user to take precautions, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Kevin Murphy , Abhishek Kumar , Stylianos Serghiou

Face-to-face social contacts are potentially important transmission routes for acute respiratory infections, and understanding the contact network can improve our ability to predict, contain, and control epidemics. Although workplaces are…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-03-02 Gail E. Potter , Timo Smieszek , Kerstin Sailer

Network-based interventions against epidemic spread are most powerful when the full network structure is known. However, in practice, resource constraints require decisions to be made based on partial network information. We investigated…

Applications · Statistics 2019-03-19 Yingrui Yang , Ashley McKhann , Sixing Chen , Guy Harling , Jukka-Pekka Onnela

Infectious disease superspreading caused by heterogeneity in contact behavior has been observed to be an important determinant of epidemic dynamics and size in both empirical and theoretical settings. However, it has also been observed that…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-27 Ari S. Freedman , Bjarke F. Nielsen , Maximillian M. Nguyen , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne , Simon A. Levin