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Related papers: Entropic Issues in Likelihood-Based OOD Detection

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Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to identify test examples that do not belong to the training distribution and are thus unlikely to be predicted reliably. Despite a plethora of existing works, most of them focused only on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Reza Averly , Wei-Lun Chao

Applying machine learning to increasingly high-dimensional problems with sparse or biased training data increases the risk that a model is used on inputs outside its training domain. For such out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs, the model can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Juniper Tyree , Andreas Rupp , Petri S. Clusius , Michael H. Boy

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to detect "unknown" data whose labels have not been seen during the in-distribution (ID) training process. Recent progress in representation learning gives rise to distance-based OOD detection that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Ji Zhang , Lianli Gao , Bingguang Hao , Hao Huang , Jingkuan Song , Hengtao Shen

Despite recent advancements in out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, most current studies assume a class-balanced in-distribution training dataset, which is rarely the case in real-world scenarios. This paper addresses the challenging task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Tong Wei , Bo-Lin Wang , Min-Ling Zhang

To facilitate reliable deployments of autonomous robots in the real world, Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection capabilities are often required. A powerful approach for OOD detection is based on density estimation with Normalizing Flows…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Jianxiang Feng , Jongseok Lee , Simon Geisler , Stephan Gunnemann , Rudolph Triebel

Text-attributed graphs, where nodes are enriched with textual attributes, have become a powerful tool for modeling real-world networks such as citation, social, and transaction networks. However, existing methods for learning from these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xiaoxu Ma , Dong Li , Minglai Shao , Xintao Wu , Chen Zhao

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for ensuring reliable deployment of machine learning models. Recent advancements focus on utilizing easily accessible auxiliary outliers (e.g., data from the web or other datasets) in training.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Haiyun Yao , Zongbo Han , Huazhu Fu , Xi Peng , Qinghua Hu , Changqing Zhang

Detecting whether examples belong to a given in-distribution or are Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) requires identifying features specific to the in-distribution. In the absence of labels, these features can be learned by self-supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Nima Rafiee , Rahil Gholamipoorfard , Nikolas Adaloglou , Simon Jaxy , Julius Ramakers , Markus Kollmann

Despite outstanding semantic scene segmentation in closed-worlds, deep neural networks segment novel instances poorly, which is required for autonomous agents acting in an open world. To improve out-of-distribution (OOD) detection for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Meghna Gummadi , Cassandra Kent , Karl Schmeckpeper , Eric Eaton

In this paper, we argue that the unsatisfactory out-of-distribution (OOD) detection performance of neural networks is mainly due to the SoftMax loss anisotropy and propensity to produce low entropy probability distributions in disagreement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 David Macêdo , Tsang Ing Ren , Cleber Zanchettin , Adriano L. I. Oliveira , Teresa Ludermir

Deep neural networks achieve superior performance in semantic segmentation, but are limited to a predefined set of classes, which leads to failures when they encounter unknown objects in open-world scenarios. Recognizing and segmenting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Arnold Brosch , Abdelrahman Eldesokey , Michael Felsberg , Kira Maag

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is committed to delineating the classification boundaries between in-distribution (ID) and OOD images. Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable OOD detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Zhixia He , Chen Zhao , Minglai Shao , Xintao Wu , Xujiang Zhao , Dong Li , Qin Tian , Linlin Yu

A crucial requirement for machine learning algorithms is not only to perform well, but also to show robustness and adaptability when encountering novel scenarios. One way to achieve these characteristics is to endow the deep learning models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Eduardo Aguilar , Bogdan Raducanu , Petia Radeva

The superior performance of object detectors is often established under the condition that the test samples are in the same distribution as the training data. However, in many practical applications, out-of-distribution (OOD) instances are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Tianhao Zhang , Shenglin Wang , Nidhal Bouaynaya , Radu Calinescu , Lyudmila Mihaylova

Out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization is a challenging machine learning problem yet highly desirable in many high-stake applications. Existing methods suffer from overly pessimistic modeling with low generalization confidence. As…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Fengchun Qiao , Xi Peng

Image classification plays a pivotal role across diverse applications, yet challenges persist when models are deployed in real-world scenarios. Notably, these models falter in detecting unfamiliar classes that were not incorporated during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Butian Xiong , Liguang Zhou , Tin Lun Lam , Yangsheng Xu

Uncertainty estimation aims to evaluate the confidence of a trained deep neural network. However, existing uncertainty estimation approaches rely on low-dimensional distributional assumptions and thus suffer from the high dimensionality of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Tsai Hor Chan , Kin Wai Lau , Jiajun Shen , Guosheng Yin , Lequan Yu

Anomalies are strange data points; they usually represent an unusual occurrence. Anomaly detection is presented from the perspective of Wireless sensor networks. Different approaches have been taken in the past, as we will see, not only to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-30 Pelumi Oluwasanya

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is essential for ensuring the reliability of deep neural networks (DNNs) in real-world scenarios. While previous research has predominantly investigated the disparity between in-distribution (ID)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yingwen Wu , Tao Li , Xinwen Cheng , Jie Yang , Xiaolin Huang

The deployment of machine learning solutions in real-world scenarios often involves addressing the challenge of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection. While significant efforts have been devoted to OOD detection in classical supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Loïc Le Bescond , Maria Vakalopoulou , Stergios Christodoulidis , Fabrice André , Hugues Talbot
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