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We comprehensively review the quantum theory of the polarization properties of light. In classical optics, these traits are characterized by the Stokes parameters, which can be geometrically interpreted using the Poincar\'e sphere.…

Starting from the standard Hamiltonian describing the optical non-linear process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion, we theoretically show that the generated entangled photon-pairs carry non-negligible orbital angular momentum in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-10-07 Sheng Feng , Prem Kumar

Parametric amplification of quantum fluctuations constitutes a fundamental mechanism for spontaneous symmetry breaking. In our experiments, a spinor condensate acts as a parametric amplifier of spin modes, resulting in a twofold spontaneous…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2010-12-21 M. Scherer , B. Lücke , G. Gebreyesus , O. Topic , F. Deuretzbacher , W. Ertmer , L. Santos , J. J. Arlt , C. Klempt

We present a method to efficiently multiply or divide the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light beams using a sequence of two optical elements. The key-element is represented by an optical transformation mapping the azimuthal phase…

Optics · Physics 2019-04-22 Gianluca Ruffato , Michele Massari , Filippo Romanato

The algebra of linear and quadratic functions of basic observables on the phase space of either the free particle or the harmonic oscillator possesses a finite-dimensional anomaly. The quantization of these systems outside the critical…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 M. Calixto , V. Aldaya , J. Guerrero

Within monochromatic optical fields, we demonstrate the rotating-wave structured light with wave vortex carrying an intrinsic transverse orbital angular momentum orthogonal to the propagation direction of light. Remarkably, we find that…

Optics · Physics 2024-06-21 Zhen-Lai Wang

We study the high harmonic generation with vortex beams beyond the dipole approximation. To do so we employ the full minimal coupling approach to account for multipolar coupling without truncation and describe the full spatio-temporal…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Esra Ilke Albar , Valeriia P. Kosheleva , Heiko Appel , Angel Rubio , Franco P. Bonafé

We explore a family of paraxial beams constructed by the linear superposition of Laguerre-Gaussian beams, representing an optical analogue to generalized $SU(2)$ Lie group coherent states. A single complex parameter controls a smooth…

We consider propagation of a paraxial beam carrying the spin angular momentum (polarization) and intrinsic orbital angular momentum (IOAM) in a smoothly inhomogeneous isotropic medium. It is shown that the presence of IOAM can dramatically…

Optics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Yu. Bliokh

Light's orbital angular momentum (OAM) is a conserved quantity in cylindrically symmetric media; however, it is easily destroyed by free-space turbulence or fiber bends, because anisotropic perturbations impart angular momentum. We observe…

Optics · Physics 2015-03-23 P. Gregg , P. Kristensen , S. Ramachandran

High-order harmonic generation via single-slit diffraction of relativistic laser pulses is investigated. Using fully kinetic 2D and 3D particle-in-cell simulations, we show that interesting optical phenomena emerge, including the generation…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Longqing Yi

A new device to generate polarization-entangled light in the continuous variable regime is introduced. It consists of an Optical Parametric Oscillator with two type-II phase-matched non-linear crystals orthogonally oriented, associated with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 Julien Laurat , Gaëlle Keller , Claude Fabre , Thomas Coudreau

The composite optical beams being a result of superposition, are a promising way to study the orbital angular momentum and its effects. Their wide range of applications makes them attractive and easily available due to the growing interest…

The present numerical study aims at shedding light on the mechanism underlying the precessional instability in a sphere. Precessional instabilities in the form of parametric resonance due to topographic coupling have been reported in a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-10-24 Yufeng Lin , Philippe Marti , Jerome Noir

Structured light has proven useful for numerous photonic applications. However, the current use of structured light in optical fiber science and technology is severely limited by mode mixing or by the lack of optical elements that can be…

We examine the momentum, spin, and orbital angular momentum of structured monochromatic optical fields in dispersive inhomogeneous isotropic media. There are two bifurcations in this general problem: the Abraham-Minkowski dilemma and the…

Optics · Physics 2017-08-22 Konstantin Y. Bliokh , Aleksandr Y. Bekshaev , Franco Nori

A new approach to design wavelength insensitive optical power splitter is presented. First coupled-mode theory is cast in operatorial form. This allows to solve the equivalent of coupled differential equations as simple limits. The…

Optics · Physics 2009-06-23 Matteo Cherchi

Hybrid entangled states exhibit entanglement between different degrees of freedom of a particle pair and thus could be useful for asymmetric optical quantum network where the communication channels are characterized by different properties.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-21 Eleonora Nagali , Fabio Sciarrino

The Shannon dimensionality of orbital angular momentum (OAM) entanglement produced in spontaneous parametric down-conversion can be probed by using multi-sector phase analysers. We demonstrate a spatial light modulator-based implementation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-26 D. Giovannini , F. M. Miatto , J. Romero , S. M. Barnett , J. P. Woerdman , M. J. Padgett

The transverse spatial structure of a paraxial beam of light is fully characterized by a set of parameters that vary only slowly under free propagation. They specify bosonic ladder operators that connect modes of different order, in analogy…

Optics · Physics 2013-07-22 Steven J. M. Habraken , Gerard Nienhuis