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We have detected several periodicities in the solar equatorial rotation rate of sunspot groups in the Greenwich Photoheliographic Results (GPR) during the period 1931-1976, the Solar Optical Observing Network (SOON) during the period…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-24 J. Javaraiah , L. Bertello

We find that the mean meridional motion of the spot groups varies considerably on a time scale of about 5-20 years. The maximum amplitude of the variation is about 10-15 m/s in both the Sun's northern and the southern hemispheres. Variation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-26 J. Javaraiah

We analyzed the sunspot-group daily data that were reported by Greenwich Photoheliogrphic Results (GPR) during the period 1874-1976 and Debrecen Photoheliographic Data (DPD) during the period 1977-2017. We determined the equatorial rotation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-04 J. Javaraiah

The rotation of sunspots of 2 yr in two different solar cycles is studied with the data from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the \it Solar Dynamics Observatory \rm and the Michelson Doppler Imager instrument on board the \it…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-29 Jianchuan Zheng , Zhiliang Yang , Kaiming Guo , Haimin Wang , Shuo Wang

The sunspot position from Greenwich Photoheliographic Results (GPR), US Air Force Solar Optical Observing Network and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USAF/NOAA), and Debrecen Photoheliographic Data (DPD) data bases in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-20 Domagoj Ruždjak , Roman Brajša , Davor Sudar , Ivica Skokić , Ivana Poljančić Beljan

The goal of this paper is to investigate Reynolds stresses and to check if it is plausible that they are responsible for angular momentum transfer toward the solar equator. We also analysed meridional velocity, rotation velocity residuals…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-05 D. Sudar , I. Skokić , D. Ruždjak , R. Brajša , H. Wöhl

Using the Solar Optical Observing Network (SOON) sunspot-group data for the period 1985-2010, the variations in the annual mean equatorial-rotation rates of the sunspot groups are determined and compared with the known variations in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-07-29 J. Javaraiah

Long-term variations of solar differential rotation and sunspot activity are investigated through re-analyzing the data on parameters of the differential rotation law obtained by Makarov, Tlatov, and Callebaut (1997), Javaraiah, Bertello,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 K. J. Li , W. Feng , X. J. Shi , J. L. Xie , P. X. Gao , H. F. Liang

Context. The relation between solar surface rotation and sunspot activity still remains open. Sunspot activity has dramatically reduced in solar cycle 24 and several solar activity indices and flux measurements experienced unprecedentedly…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-18 L. Zhang , K. Mursula , I. Usoskin

Systematic studies of the rotation rate of sunspot groups using white-light images yield controversial results on the variations of the rotation rate: sunspot groups were found to either accelerate or decelerate systematically. This…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-18 Alexander S. Kutsenko , Valentina I. Abramenko , Daria V. Litvishko

The analysis of the meridional displacement velocity of individual solar pores and sunspots has been performed. In the period May 2010\,-\,March 2025 of observations in the continuum of the \textit{Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-01 Andrey Tlatov , Kseniya Tlatova

The temporal behaviour of solar active longitudes has been examined by using two sunspot catalogues, the Greenwich Photoheliographic Results (GPR) and the Debrecen Photoheliographic Data (DPD). The time-longitude diagrams of the activity…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-09 N. Gyenge , T. Baranyi , A. Ludmány

The analysis of the rotation rate of individual sunspots and pores was performed according to the data of the processing of observations by the \textit{Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager} (SDO/HMI) in the period…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-12 Andrei G. Tlatov , Kseniia A. Tlatova

The tilts of bipolar magnetic regions are believed to be caused by the action of Coriolis force on rising magnetic flux tubes. Here we analysed the combined Greenwich and Debrecen observatories sunspot-group data during the period 1874-2017…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-19 J. Javaraiah

The Debrecen Photoheliographic Data catalogue is a continuation of the Greenwich Photoheliographic Results providing daily positions of sunspots and sunspot groups. We analyse the data for sunspot groups focusing on meridional motions and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Davor Sudar , Roman Brajša , Ivica Skokić , Ivana Poljančić Beljan , Hubertus Wöhl

We have measured the meridional motions of the magnetic elements in the Sun's surface layers since 1996 and find systematic and substantial variations. In general the meridional flow speed is fast at cycle minima and slow at cycle maxima.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 David H. Hathaway , Lisa Upton

We analyse the monthly sunspot group (SG) data for Solar Cycles C8-C23 and calculate the average latitude of the drift path for the northern and southern hemisphere of the Sun. We find that exponential function fits slightly better than the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-27 Jouni J. Takalo

The daily sunspot numbers of the whole disk as well as the northern and southern hemispheres from January 1, 1945 to December 31, 2010 are used to investigate the temporal variation of the rotational cycle length through the continuous…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 J. -L. Xie , X. -J. Shi , J. -C. Xu

Using Greenwich and SOON sunspot group data during the period 1874 -- 2005, we find that the sums of the areas of the sunspot groups in $0^\circ$ -- $10^\circ$ latitude-interval of the Sun's northern hemisphere and in the time-interval,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Javaraiah

The combined Greenwich and Solar Optical Observing Network (SOON) sunspot group data during 1874-2013 are analyzed and studied the relatively long-term variations in the annual sums of the areas of sunspot groups in 0-10 deg, 10-20 deg, and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-03 J. Javaraiah
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