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We study the impact of gravitational waves originating from a first order phase transition on structure formation. To do so, we perform a second order perturbation analysis in the $1+3$ covariant framework and derive a wave equation in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-20 Christian Döring , Salvador Centelles Chuliá , Manfred Lindner , Bjoern Malte Schaefer , Matthias Bartelmann

We study gravitational wave production at strong first order phase transitions, with large-scale, long-running simulations of a system with a scalar order parameter and a relativistic fluid. One transition proceeds by detonations with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-18 José Correia , Mark Hindmarsh , Kari Rummukainen , David J. Weir

Gravitational waves are generated during first-order phase transitions, either by turbolence or by bubble collisions. If the transition takes place at temperatures of the order of the electroweak scale, the frequency of these gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Riccardo Apreda , Michele Maggiore , Alberto Nicolis , Antonio Riotto

We present a systematic study of gravitational wave (GW) signals from phase transitions and topological defects in a unified high-quality axion framework. The gauged $U(1)_g$ symmetry forbids any bias term that could lift the vacuum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-13 Ruiyu Zhou , Jin-Wei Wang , Ligong Bian

We survey systematically the general parametrisations of particle-physics models for a first-order phase transition in the early universe, including models with polynomial potentials both with and without barriers at zero temperature, and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-06 John Ellis , Marek Lewicki , José Miguel No

We discuss a new source of gravitational waves (GWs) from first-order phase transitions. The collisions of bubbles of the new phase can efficiently produce particles that couple to the background field undergoing the transition, thereby…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-14 Keisuke Inomata , Marc Kamionkowski , Kentaro Kasai , Bibhushan Shakya

We propose a gauge singlet scalar with mass around 1-100 TeV as a thermal heavy dark matter candidate along with a dilaton as a Higgs portal mediator in a dimensionless scalar extension of the Standard Model. We demonstrate analytically…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-31 Parsa Ghorbani

We study the gravitational wave spectrum from the confinement-deconfinement phase transi-tion in the holographic QCD models for both light quark and heavy quark. We obtain the gravitationalwave spectrum in the deflagration, detonation and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-12-27 Meng-Wei Li , Yi Yang , Pei-Hung Yuan

We study the gravitational wave phenomenology in models of solitosynthesis. In such models, a first order phase transition is precipitated by a period in which non-topological solitons with a conserved global charge (Q-balls) accumulate…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-04-29 Djuna Croon , Alexander Kusenko , Anupam Mazumdar , Graham White

In this work, we propose a new source for gravitational wave (GW) radiation associated with the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase transition in the inner cores of neutron stars. The mechanism is based on the bubble dynamics during the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-10-02 Gaoqing Cao , Shu Lin

This project is aimed at studying the first-order phase transitions, that is presumed to have ensued in the early universe, and its consequences on the primordial gravitational waves. The effects of bubble nucleation, growth, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-12 Yashmitha Kumaran

We consider a standard model extension equipped with a dark sector where the $U(1)_X^{}$ Abelian gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken by the dark Higgs mechanism. In this framework, we investigate patterns of the electroweak phase…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-07-02 Katsuya Hashino , Mitsuru Kakizaki , Shinya Kanemura , Pyungwon Ko , Toshinori Matsui

Motivated by the new heavy dark matter production mechanism from cosmic phase transition, we propose a novel mechanism for the generation of microscopic gravitational waves (GWs) during cosmological first-order phase transitions arising…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-12 Dayun Qiu , Siyu Jiang , Fa Peng Huang

We calculate the gravitational waves (GWs) produced by primordial black holes (PBHs) in the presence of the inflaton condensate in the early Universe. Combining the GW production from the evaporation process, the gravitational scattering of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-11-08 Mathieu Gross , Essodjolo Kpatcha , Yann Mambrini , Maria Olalla Olea-Romacho , Rishav Roshan

We conducted three-dimensional lattice simulations to study the density perturbation and gravitational waves (GWs) during first-order phase transition (FOPT). We find that for phase transition strength $\alpha > 1$, the forward motion of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-13 Jintao Zou , Zhiqing Zhu , Zizhuo Zhao , Ligong Bian

We revisit QCD-induced little inflation in which the Universe starts with a large baryon chemical potential and undergoes a strong first-order QCD phase transition, generating an observable stochastic gravitational-wave background in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-01 Tae Hyun Jung , Seyong Kim , Jong-Wan Lee , Chang Sub Shin , Hee Beom Yang

We investigate the properties of the gravitational waves (GWs) generated during a strongly first order electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in models with the classical scale invariance (CSI). Here, we distinguish two parameter space regions…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-12 Amine Ahriche , Shinya Kanemura , Masanori Tanaka

We present details of numerical simulations of the gravitational radiation produced by a first order thermal phase transition in the early universe. We confirm that the dominant source of gravitational waves is sound waves generated by the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-08 Mark Hindmarsh , Stephan J. Huber , Kari Rummukainen , David J. Weir

We construct the holographic p-wave superfluid in Gauss-Bonnet gravity via a Maxwell complex vector field model and investigate the effect of the curvature correction on the superfluid phase transition in the probe limit. We obtain the rich…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-12-23 Shancheng Liu , Qiyuan Pan , Jiliang Jing

Drastic changes in the early universe such as first-order phase transition can produce a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background. We investigate the testability of a scale invariant extension of the standard model (SM) using the GW…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-11-08 Mayumi Aoki , Hiromitsu Goto , Jisuke Kubo