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Ensuring equitable Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare demands systems that make unbiased decisions across all demographic groups, bridging technical innovation with ethical principles. Foundation Models (FMs), trained on vast…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Dilermando Queiroz , Anderson Carlos , André Anjos , Lilian Berton

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers incredible possibilities for patient care, but raises significant ethical issues, such as the potential for bias. Powerful ethical frameworks exist to minimize these issues, but are often developed for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Ion Nemteanu , Adir Mancebo , Leslie Joe , Ryan Lopez , Patricia Lopez , Warren Woodrich Pettine

In modern dynamic constantly developing society, more and more people suffer from chronic and serious diseases and doctors and patients need special and sophisticated medical and health support. Accordingly, prominent health stakeholders…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Mirjana Ivanovic , Serge Autexier , Miltiadis Kokkonidis

The continuous development of artificial intelligence (AI) theory has propelled this field to unprecedented heights, owing to the relentless efforts of scholars and researchers. In the medical realm, AI takes a pivotal role, leveraging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Qiyang Sun , Alican Akman , Björn W. Schuller

Benchmarking competitions are central to the development of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging, defining performance standards and shaping methodological progress. However, it remains unclear whether these benchmarks provide…

Data-driven computational approaches have evolved to enable extraction of information from medical images with a reliability, accuracy and speed which is already transforming their interpretation and exploitation in clinical practice. While…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-22 Tom Vercauteren , Mathias Unberath , Nicolas Padoy , Nassir Navab

In healthcare, the role of AI is continually evolving, and understanding the challenges its introduction poses on relationships between healthcare providers and patients will require a regulatory and behavioral approach that can provide a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Chinasa T. Okolo , Michelle González Amador

The integration of AI into radiology introduces opportunities for improved clinical care provision and efficiency but it demands a meticulous approach to mitigate potential risks as with any other new technology. Beginning with rigorous…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved over the past decade and has advanced in areas such as language comprehension, image and video recognition, programming, and scientific reasoning. Recent AI technologies based on large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Jonghong Jeon

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high-risk, decision-making scenarios presents technical, safety, and normative challenges; problems that may only be ameliorated by human oversight. However, notions of human oversight lack a…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing emergency medicine by enhancing diagnostic processes and improving patient outcomes. This article provides a review of the current applications of AI in emergency imaging studies, focusing on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-20 Gustavo Correia , Victor Alves , Paulo Novais

The astounding success made by artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare and other fields proves that AI can achieve human-like performance. However, success always comes with challenges. Deep learning algorithms are data-dependent and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-25 Johann Li , Guangming Zhu , Cong Hua , Mingtao Feng , BasheerBennamoun , Ping Li , Xiaoyuan Lu , Juan Song , Peiyi Shen , Xu Xu , Lin Mei , Liang Zhang , Syed Afaq Ali Shah , Mohammed Bennamoun

Artificial intelligence represents a new frontier in human medicine that could save more lives and reduce the costs, thereby increasing accessibility. As a consequence, the rate of advancement of AI in cancer medical imaging and more…

The impact of using artificial intelligence (AI) to guide patient care or operational processes is an interplay of the AI model's output, the decision-making protocol based on that output, and the capacity of the stakeholders involved to…

The Directorate General for Parliamentary Research Services of the European Parliament has prepared a report to the Members of the European Parliament where they enumerate seven main risks of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medicine and…

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly foundation models (FMs), have revolutionized medical image analysis, demonstrating strong zero- and few-shot performance across diverse medical imaging tasks, from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Praveenbalaji Rajendran , Mojtaba Safari , Wenfeng He , Mingzhe Hu , Shansong Wang , Jun Zhou , Xiaofeng Yang

What does Artificial Intelligence (AI) have to contribute to health care? And what should we be looking out for if we are worried about its risks? In this paper we offer a survey, and initial evaluation, of hopes and fears about the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Robert Sparrow , Joshua Hatherley

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare holds great potential to expand access to high-quality medical care, whilst reducing overall systemic costs. Despite hitting the headlines regularly and many publications of proofs-of-concept,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-08-06 David Higgins , Vince I. Madai

We find ourselves on the ever-shifting cusp of an AI revolution -- with potentially metamorphic implications for the future practice of healthcare. For many, such innovations cannot come quickly enough; as healthcare systems worldwide…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Kevin Doherty , Emma Kallina , Kayley Moylan , María Paula Silva , Sajjad Karimian , Shivam Shumsher , Rob Brennan

In the past decade, the deployment of deep learning (Artificial Intelligence (AI)) methods has become pervasive across a spectrum of real-world applications, often in safety-critical contexts. This comprehensive research article rigorously…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Sidra Nasir , Rizwan Ahmed Khan , Samita Bai