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Integer factorization is a fundamental problem in algorithmic number theory and computer science. It is considered as a one way or trapdoor function in the (RSA) cryptosystem. To date, from elementary trial division to sophisticated methods…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Gilda Rech Bansimba , Regis Freguin Babindamana

A new integer deterministic factorization algorithm, rated at arithmetic operations to $O(N^{1/6+\varepsilon})$ arithmetic operations, is presented in this note. Equivalently, given the least $(\log N)/6$ bits of a factor of the balanced…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-04-25 N. A. Carella

In this paper, we intend to present a new algorithm to factorize large numbers. According to the algorithm proposed here, we prove that there is a common factor between p and q. With this procedure, the time of factorization considerably…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fabiano Sutter de Oliveira

The fastest known algorithm for factoring a degree $n$ univariate polynomial over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ runs in time $O(n^{3/2 + o(1)}\text{polylog } q)$, and there is a reason to believe that the $3/2$ exponent represents a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Chris Umans , Siki Wang

We present a special-purpose algorithm for factoring semiprimes $N = pq$ in which one prime factor satisfies $p \approx c\,(a/b)^n$ for positive integers $a, b, c, n$ with $a > b$ and $\gcd(a,b) = 1$. Given the correct parameters $(a, b)$,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Sam Blake

We introduce a new deterministic factoring algorithm, which could be described in the cryptographically fashionable term of "factoring with hints": we show that, given the knowledge of the factorisations of $O(N^{1/3+\epsilon})$ terms…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-09 Francesco Sica

The best deterministic unconditionally proven integer factorization algorithms have exponential running time complexities of O(N^(1/4)) arithmetic operations, and conditional on the Riemann hypothesis, there is a deterministic algorithm of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-07-31 N. A. Carella

Numerous methods have been considered to create a fast integer factorization algorithm. Despite its apparent simplicity, the difficulty to find such an algorithm plays a crucial role in modern cryptography, notably, in the security of RSA…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Justin Friedlander

The theoretical aspects of four integer factorization algorithms are discussed in details in this note. The focus is on the performances of these algorithms on the subset of hard to factor balanced integers N = pq, p < q < 2p. The running…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-09-01 N. A. Carella

Integer factorization is a famous computational problem unknown whether being solvable in the polynomial time. With the rise of deep neural networks, it is interesting whether they can facilitate faster factorization. We present an approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Karlis Freivalds , Emils Ozolins , Guntis Barzdins

Let n be any odd natural number other than a perfect square, in this article it is demonstrated that this new factorization algorithm is much more efficient than the implementation technique [2,3 p.1470], described in this article, of the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-08-27 Savino Detto

We show that $n$-bit integers can be factorized by independently running a quantum circuit with $\tilde{O}(n^{3/2})$ gates for $\sqrt{n}+4$ times, and then using polynomial-time classical post-processing. The correctness of the algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-09 Oded Regev

Integer factorization is a significant problem, with implications for the security of widely-used cryptographic schemes. No efficient classical algorithm for polynomial-time integer factorization has been found despite extensive research.…

Let $Q$ be a set of primes with relative density $\delta$. We count integers in $[1,x]$ with prime factors all in $Q$ that also have a divisor in $(y,2y]$. We establish the order of magnitude for all $\delta \in (0,1]$. This generalizes the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Jeremy Schlitt

This note introduces a new class of integer factoring algorithms. Two versions of this method will be described, deterministic and probabilistic. These algorithms are practical, and can factor large classes of balanced integers N = pq, p <…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 N. A. Carella

Quantum algorithms are at the heart of the ongoing efforts to use quantum mechanics to solve computational problems unsolvable on ordinary classical computers. Their common feature is the use of genuine quantum properties such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Giuseppe Mussardo , Andrea Trombettoni

We demonstrate that a modification of the classical index calculus algorithm can be used to factor integers. More generally, we reduce the factoring problem to finding an overdetermined system of multiplicative relations in any factor base…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-21 Katherine E. Stange

This paper elaborates on a sieving technique that has first been applied in 2018 for improving bounds on deterministic integer factorization. We will generalize the sieve in order to obtain a polynomial-time reduction from integer…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-28 Markus Hittmeir

A method of determining two factors of an odd integer without need of multiplication or division operation in iterative portion of computation is presented. It is feasible for an implementing algorithm to use only integer addition and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-03-02 Charles Sauerbier

Lenstra's integer factorization algorithm is asymptotically one of the fastest known algorithms, and is ideally suited for parallel computation. We suggest a way in which the algorithm can be speeded up by the addition of a second phase.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-04-21 Richard P. Brent
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