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Many application scenarios call for training a machine learning model among multiple participants. Federated learning (FL) was proposed to enable joint training of a deep learning model using the local data in each party without revealing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Kai-Fung Chu , Lintao Zhang

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm involving multiple clients, e.g., mobile phone devices, with an incentive to collaborate in solving a machine learning problem coordinated by a central server. FL was proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Samuel Horváth

Federated learning (FL) is a key enabler for efficient communication and computing, leveraging devices' distributed computing capabilities. However, applying FL in practice is challenging due to the local devices' heterogeneous energy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Won Joon Yun , Yunseok Kwak , Hankyul Baek , Soyi Jung , Mingyue Ji , Mehdi Bennis , Jihong Park , Joongheon Kim

Federated learning (FL) is a useful tool in distributed machine learning that utilizes users' local datasets in a privacy-preserving manner. When deploying FL in a constrained wireless environment; however, training models in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Jake Perazzone , Shiqiang Wang , Mingyue Ji , Kevin Chan

Mobile devices contribute more than half of the world's web traffic, providing massive and diverse data for powering various federated learning (FL) applications. In order to avoid the communication bottleneck on the parameter server (PS)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Yunming Liao , Yang Xu , Hongli Xu , Zhiwei Yao , Liusheng Huang , Chunming Qiao

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm that avoids data sharing among training nodes so as to protect data privacy. Under coordination of the FL server, each client conducts model training using its own…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Binbin Guo , Yuan Mei , Danyang Xiao , Weigang Wu , Ye Yin , Hongli Chang

\textit{Federated learning} (FL) and \textit{split learning} (SL) are prevailing distributed paradigms in recent years. They both enable shared global model training while keeping data localized on users' devices. The former excels in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Wei Wan , Yuxuan Ning , Shengshan Hu , Lulu Xue , Minghui Li , Leo Yu Zhang , Hai Jin

Split learning emerges as a promising paradigm for collaborative distributed model training, akin to federated learning, by partitioning neural networks between clients and a server without raw data exchange. However, sequential split…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Mengdi Wang , Efe Bozkir , Enkelejda Kasneci

Everyday, large amounts of sensitive data is distributed across mobile phones, wearable devices, and other sensors. Traditionally, these enormous datasets have been processed on a single system, with complex models being trained to make…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Zongshun Zhang , Andrea Pinto , Valeria Turina , Flavio Esposito , Ibrahim Matta

Mobile devices and the immense amount and variety of data they generate are key enablers of machine learning (ML)-based applications. Traditional ML techniques have shifted toward new paradigms such as federated (FL) and split learning (SL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Pranvera Kortoçi , Yilei Liang , Pengyuan Zhou , Lik-Hang Lee , Abbas Mehrabi , Pan Hui , Sasu Tarkoma , Jon Crowcroft

Collaborative machine learning in sensitive domains demands scalable, privacy preserving solutions for enterprise deployment. Conventional Federated Learning (FL) relies on a central server, introducing single points of failure and privacy…

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a transformative approach for distributed machine learning, particularly in edge computing environments where data privacy, low latency, and bandwidth efficiency are critical. This paper presents a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Sales Aribe , Gil Nicholas Cagande

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to jointly train a global model under the coordination of a central server. Although FL is a privacy-aware paradigm, where raw data sharing is not required, recent studies have shown that FL…

Federated learning (FL) is a recently developed area of machine learning, in which the private data of a large number of distributed clients is used to develop a global model under the coordination of a central server without explicitly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Amit Kumar Kundu , Joseph Jaja

Federated learning (FL) is a machine learning approach where nodes collaboratively train a global model. As more nodes participate in a round of FL, the effectiveness of individual model updates by nodes also diminishes. In this study, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Akash Dhasade , Anne-Marie Kermarrec , Tuan-Anh Nguyen , Rafael Pires , Martijn de Vos

Data privacy concerns has made centralized training of data, which is scattered across silos, infeasible, leading to the need for collaborative learning frameworks. To address that, two prominent frameworks emerged, i.e., federated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Tianchen Zhou , Zhanyi Hu , Bingzhe Wu , Cen Chen

Federated learning (FL) and split learning (SL) are two emerging collaborative learning methods that may greatly facilitate ubiquitous intelligence in Internet of Things (IoT). Federated learning enables machine learning (ML) models locally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Qiang Duan , Shijing Hu , Ruijun Deng , Zhihui Lu

Federated learning (FL) is a powerful distributed machine learning framework where a server aggregates models trained by different clients without accessing their private data. Hierarchical FL, with a client-edge-cloud aggregation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Lumin Liu , Jun Zhang , Shenghui Song , Khaled B. Letaief

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without centralizing client data, making it attractive for privacy-sensitive domains. While existing approaches employ cryptographic techniques such as homomorphic encryption,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Sahar Ghoflsaz Ghinani , Elaheh Sadredini

With the rapid growth in mobile computing, massive amounts of data and computing resources are now located at the edge. To this end, Federated learning (FL) is becoming a widely adopted distributed machine learning (ML) paradigm, which aims…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Li Chou , Zichang Liu , Zhuang Wang , Anshumali Shrivastava