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In group sequential designs, where several data looks are conducted for early stopping, we generally assume the vector of test statistics from the sequential analyses follows (at least approximately or asymptotially) a multivariate normal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-22 Long-Hao Xu , Tobias Mütze , Frank Konietschke , Tim Friede

Heterogeneity is a dominant factor in the behaviour of many biological processes. Despite this, it is common for mathematical and statistical analyses to ignore biological heterogeneity as a source of variability in experimental data.…

Many time series exhibit changes both in level and in variability. Generally, it is more important to detect a change in the level, and changing or smoothly evolving variability can confound existing tests. This paper develops a framework…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-09 Tomasz Gorecki , Lajos Horvath , Piotr Kokoszka

A probabilistic expert system emulates the decision-making ability of a human expert through a directional graphical model. The first step in building such systems is to understand data generation mechanism. To this end, one may try to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-29 Vahid Partovi Nia , Xinlin Li , Masoud Asgharian , Shoubo Hu , Zhitang Chen , Yanhui Geng

We consider identification, inference and validation of linear panel data models when both factors and factor loadings are accounted for by a nonparametric function. This general specification encompasses rather popular models such as the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-06-13 Juan M. Rodriguez-Poo , Alexandra Soberon , Stefan Sperlich

Heteroscedasticity testing is of importance in regression analysis. Existing local smoothing tests suffer severely from curse of dimensionality even when the number of covariates is moderate because of use of nonparametric estimation. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-10-14 Xuehu Zhu , Fei Chen , Xu Guo , Lixing Zhu

Symmetry plays a central role in the sciences, machine learning, and statistics. While statistical tests for the presence of distributional invariance with respect to groups have a long history, tests for conditional symmetry in the form of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-12 Kenny Chiu , Alex Sharp , Benjamin Bloem-Reddy

This paper studies alpha testing in a high-dimensional conditional time-varying factor model with temporally dependent observations. Both factor loadings and alpha processes are allowed to vary smoothly over time, and the cross-sectional…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-16 Long Feng , Huifang Ma , Zhaojun Wang

In this paper, we study the problem of testing the mean vectors of high dimensional data in both one-sample and two-sample cases. The proposed testing procedures employ maximum-type statistics and the parametric bootstrap techniques to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-23 Jinyuan Chang , Chao Zheng , Wen-Xin Zhou , Wen Zhou

This paper proposes a new class of nonparametric tests for the correct specification of models based on conditional moment restrictions, paying particular attention to generalized propensity score models. The test procedure is based on two…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-04-18 Pedro H. C. Sant'Anna , Xiaojun Song

We propose two tests for the equality of covariance matrices between two high-dimensional populations. One test is on the whole variance--covariance matrices, and the other is on off-diagonal sub-matrices, which define the covariance…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-06-06 Jun Li , Song Xi Chen

Physical activity is crucial for human health. With the increasing availability of large-scale mobile health data, strong associations have been found between physical activity and various diseases. However, accurately capturing this…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-19 Xiaojing Sun , Bingxin Zhao , Fei Xue

Experiments often yield non-identically distributed data for statistical analysis. Tests of hypothesis under such set-ups are generally performed using the likelihood ratio test, which is non-robust with respect to outliers and model…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-25 Abhik Ghosh , Ayanendranath Basu

Heterogeneity is a hallmark of complex diseases. Regression-based heterogeneity analysis, which is directly concerned with outcome-feature relationships, has led to a deeper understanding of disease biology. Such an analysis identifies the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-29 Ziye Luo , Xinyue Yao , Yifan Sun , Xinyan Fan

We introduce a factor analysis model that summarizes the dependencies between observed variable groups, instead of dependencies between individual variables as standard factor analysis does. A group may correspond to one view of the same…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-19 Seppo Virtanen , Arto Klami , Suleiman A. Khan , Samuel Kaski

This paper extends the linear grouped fixed effects (GFE) panel model to allow for heteroskedasticity from a discrete latent group variable. Key features of GFE are preserved, such as individuals belonging to one of a finite number of…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-10-27 Jorge A. Rivero

Statistical inference for large data panels is omnipresent in modern economic applications. An important benefit of panel analysis is the possibility to reduce noise and thus to guarantee stable inference by intersectional pooling. However,…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-15 Tim Kutta , Holger Dette

In many complex applications, data heterogeneity and homogeneity exist simultaneously. Ignoring either one will result in incorrect statistical inference. In addition, coping with complex data that are non-Euclidean becomes more common. To…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-28 Zixuan Han , Tao Li , Jinhong You

We propose a procedure to determine the dimension of the common factor space in a large, possibly non-stationary, dataset. Our procedure is designed to determine whether there are (and how many) common factors (i) with linear trends, (ii)…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-12 Matteo Barigozzi , Lorenzo Trapani

In this work we propose a novel approach for modeling spatio-temporal data characterized by group structures. In particular, we extend classical mixed effect regression models by introducing a space-time nonparametric component, regularized…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-18 Marco F. De Sanctis , Eleonora Arnone , Francesca Ieva , Laura M. Sangalli