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High-dimensional time series are common in many domains. Since human cognition is not optimized to work well in high-dimensional spaces, these areas could benefit from interpretable low-dimensional representations. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Vincent Fortuin , Matthias Hüser , Francesco Locatello , Heiko Strathmann , Gunnar Rätsch

We present a novel framework that leverages time series clustering to improve internet traffic matrix (TM) prediction using deep learning (DL) models. Traffic flows within a TM often exhibit diverse temporal behaviors, which can hinder…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Martha Cash , Alexander Wyglinski

Spatial prediction refers to the estimation of unobserved values from spatially distributed observations. Although recent advances have improved the capacity to model diverse observation types, adoption in practice remains limited in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-10 Yuta Shikuri , Hironori Fujisawa

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) promise to be powerful tools for a wide range of applications. However, their internal representations and learned concepts are still not well understood. In this study, we investigate the structure and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Michał Wiliński , Mononito Goswami , Willa Potosnak , Nina Żukowska , Artur Dubrawski

Tensor time series (TTS) data, a generalization of one-dimensional time series on a high-dimensional space, is ubiquitous in real-world scenarios, especially in monitoring systems involving multi-source spatio-temporal data (e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jiewen Deng , Jinliang Deng , Renhe Jiang , Xuan Song

Machine learning is used more and more often for sensitive applications, sometimes replacing humans in critical decision-making processes. As such, interpretability of these algorithms is a pressing need. One popular algorithm to provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Damien Garreau , Ulrike von Luxburg

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong symbolic and compositional reasoning, yet they struggle with time series question answering as the data is typically transformed into an LLM-compatible modality, e.g., serialized text, plotted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Penghang Liu , Elizabeth Fons , Annita Vapsi , Mohsen Ghassemi , Svitlana Vyetrenko , Daniel Borrajo , Vamsi K. Potluru , Manuela Veloso

Time series forecasting plays an increasingly important role in modern business decisions. In today's data-rich environment, people often aim to choose the optimal forecasting model for their data. However, identifying the optimal model…

Applications · Statistics 2021-12-17 Xixi Li , Fotios Petropoulos , Yanfei Kang

Recent research has shown an increasing interest in utilizing pre-trained large language models (LLMs) for a variety of time series applications. However, there are three main challenges when using LLMs as foundational models for time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Wenzhe Niu , Zongxia Xie , Yanru Sun , Wei He , Man Xu , Chao Hao

Radio galaxy morphological classification is one of the critical steps when producing source catalogues for large-scale radio continuum surveys. While many recent studies attempted to classify source radio morphology from survey image data…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-10 Hongming Tang , Shiyu Yue , Zijun Wang , Jizhe Lai , Leyao Wei , Yan Luo , Chuni Liang , Jiani Chu

Interpreting time series models is uniquely challenging because it requires identifying both the location of time series signals that drive model predictions and their matching to an interpretable temporal pattern. While explainers from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Owen Queen , Thomas Hartvigsen , Teddy Koker , Huan He , Theodoros Tsiligkaridis , Marinka Zitnik

Evidence often grounds temporal probabilistic relational models over time, which makes reasoning infeasible. To counteract groundings over time and to keep reasoning polynomial by restoring a lifted representation, we present temporal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Marcel Gehrke , Ralf Möller , Tanya Braun

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated powerful capabilities in performing various tasks and thus are applied by recent studies to time series forecasting (TSF) tasks, which predict future values with the given historical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Chen Su , Yuanhe Tian , Qinyu Liu , Jun Zhang , Yan Song

The rapid adoption of complex Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) models has led to their characterization as black boxes due to the difficulty of explaining their internal decision-making processes. This lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Silvia Ruiz-España , Laura Arnal , François Signol , Juan-Carlos Perez-Cortes , Joaquim Arlandis

In the transformative landscape of smart cities, the integration of the cutting-edge web technologies into time series forecasting presents a pivotal opportunity to enhance urban planning, sustainability, and economic growth. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Ziyi Zhang , Shaogang Ren , Xiaoning Qian , Nick Duffield

Surrogate models for computational simulations are input-output approximations that allow computationally intensive analyses, such as uncertainty propagation and inference, to be performed efficiently. When a simulation output does not…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2014-08-05 Alex A. Gorodetsky , Youssef M. Marzouk

Motivated by the increasing risks of data misuse and fabrication, we investigate the problem of identifying synthetic time series generated by Time-Series Large Models (TSLMs) in this work. While there are extensive researches on detecting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Junji Hou , Junzhou Zhao , Shuo Zhang , Pinghui Wang

Time Series Forecasting (TSF) is a crucial task in various domains, yet existing TSF models rely heavily on high-quality data and insufficiently exploit all available data. This paper explores a novel self-supervised approach to re-label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yuxuan Yang , Dalin Zhang , Yuxuan Liang , Hua Lu , Gang Chen , Huan Li

Time-series anomaly detection (TSAD) increasingly demands explanations that articulate not only if an anomaly occurred, but also what pattern it exhibits and why it is anomalous. Leveraging the impressive explanatory capabilities of Large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Tian Lan , Hao Duong Le , Jinbo Li , Wenjun He , Meng Wang , Chenghao Liu , Chen Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language processing due to their strong generalization and sequence modeling capabilities. However, their direct application to time series…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yanru Sun , Emadeldeen Eldele , Zongxia Xie , Yucheng Wang , Wenzhe Niu , Qinghua Hu , Chee Keong Kwoh , Min Wu