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Synthesis of correct by design systems from specification has recently attracted much attention. The theoretical results imply that this problem is highly intractable, e.g., synthesizing a system is 2EXPTIME-complete for an LTL…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-05-07 John Fearnley , Doron Peled , Sven Schewe

Automating string transformations has been one of the killer applications of program synthesis. Existing synthesizers that solve this problem produce programs in domain-specific languages (DSL) that are engineered to help the synthesizer,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Anvay Grover , Ruediger Ehlers , Loris D'Antoni

Reinforcement Learning methods are capable of solving complex problems, but resulting policies might perform poorly in environments that are even slightly different. In robotics especially, training and deployment conditions often vary and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-17 Isac Arnekvist , Danica Kragic , Johannes A. Stork

This paper studies the synthesis of control policies for an agent that has to satisfy a temporal logic specification in a partially observable environment, in the presence of an adversary. The interaction of the agent (defender) with the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-09 Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Luyao Niu , Andrew Clark , Linda Bushnell , Radha Poovendran

We consider a multi-armed bandit problem with $M$ latent contexts, where an agent interacts with the environment for an episode of $H$ time steps. Depending on the length of the episode, the learner may not be able to estimate accurately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Jeongyeol Kwon , Yonathan Efroni , Constantine Caramanis , Shie Mannor

Various natural language processing tasks are structured prediction problems where outputs are constructed with multiple interdependent decisions. Past work has shown that domain knowledge, framed as constraints over the output space, can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Xingyuan Pan , Maitrey Mehta , Vivek Srikumar

A challenging problem for autonomous systems is to synthesize a reactive controller that conforms to a set of given correctness properties. Linear temporal logic (LTL) provides a formal language to specify the desired behavioral properties…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Rayna Dimitrova , Mahsa Ghasemi , Ufuk Topcu

A modern approach to engineering correct-by-construction systems is to synthesize them automatically from formal specifications. Oftentimes, a system can only satisfy its guarantees if certain environment assumptions hold, which motivates…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-10 Roderick Bloem , Ruediger Ehlers , Robert Koenighofer

In many real-world applications, safety constraints for reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are either unknown or not explicitly defined. We propose a framework that concurrently learns safety constraints and optimal RL policies in such…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-02 Lunet Yifru , Ali Baheri

In Reasoning about Action and Planning, one synthesizes the agent plan by taking advantage of the assumption on how the environment works (that is, one exploits the environment's effects, its fairness, its trajectory constraints). In this…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Benjamin Aminof , Giuseppe De Giacomo , Aniello Murano , Sasha Rubin

Behavioral changes in animals and humans, as a consequence of an error or a verbal instruction, can be extremely rapid. Improvement in behavioral performances are usually associated in machine learning and reinforcement learning to synaptic…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-12 Cristiano Capone , Luca Falorsi

We propose a machine learning framework to synthesize reactive controllers for systems whose interactions with their adversarial environment are modeled by infinite-duration, two-player games over (potentially) infinite graphs. Our…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Daniel Neider , Oliver Markgraf

Transformers have demonstrated exceptional performance across a wide range of domains. While their ability to perform reinforcement learning in-context has been established both theoretically and empirically, their behavior in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-24 Baiyuan Chen , Shinji Ito , Masaaki Imaizumi

In the synthesis problem, we are given a specification, and we automatically generate a system that satisfies the specification in all environments. We introduce and study {\em synthesis with guided environments} (SGE, for short), where the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Orna Kupferman , Ofer Leshkowitz

In Boolean synthesis, we are given an LTL specification, and the goal is to construct a transducer that realizes it against an adversarial environment. Often, a specification contains both Boolean requirements that should be satisfied…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-26 Shaull Almagor , Orna Kupferman , Yaron Velner

It is desirable for an agent to be able to solve a rich variety of problems that can be specified through language in the same environment. A popular approach towards obtaining such agents is to reuse skills learned in prior tasks to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Geraud Nangue Tasse , Devon Jarvis , Steven James , Benjamin Rosman

The high sample complexity of reinforcement learning challenges its use in practice. A promising approach is to quickly adapt pre-trained policies to new environments. Existing methods for this policy adaptation problem typically rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Yuda Song , Aditi Mavalankar , Wen Sun , Sicun Gao

Humans and animals show remarkable learning efficiency, adapting to new environments with minimal experience. This capability is not well captured by standard reinforcement learning algorithms that rely on incremental value updates. Rapid…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Ching Fang , Kanaka Rajan

We give lower bounds on the amount of memory required by one-pass streaming algorithms for solving several natural learning problems. In a setting where examples lie in $\{0,1\}^d$ and the optimal classifier can be encoded using $\kappa$…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Gavin Brown , Mark Bun , Adam Smith

In this paper, we examine an important problem of learning neural networks that certifiably meet certain specifications on input-output behaviors. Our strategy is to find an inner approximation of the set of admissible policy parameters,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-24 Zain ul Abdeen , He Yin , Vassilis Kekatos , Ming Jin