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Based on NFL game data we try to predict the outcome of a play in multiple different ways. An application of this is the following: by plugging in various play options one could determine the best play for a given situation in real time.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-05 Brendan Teich , Roman Lutz , Valentin Kassarnig

Using high-resolution player tracking data made available by the National Football League (NFL) for their 2019 Big Data Bowl competition, we introduce the Expected Hypothetical Completion Probability (EHCP), a objective framework for…

Applications · Statistics 2019-10-29 Sameer K. Deshpande , Katherine Evans

In recent years, data-driven approaches have become a popular tool in a variety of sports to gain an advantage by, e.g., analysing potential strategies of opponents. Whereas the availability of play-by-play or player tracking data in sports…

Applications · Statistics 2020-03-25 Marius Ötting

Continuous-time assessments of game outcomes in sports have become increasingly common in the last decade. In American football, only discrete-time estimates of play value were possible, since the most advanced public football datasets were…

Although the data-driven analysis of football players' performance has been developed for years, most research only focuses on the on-ball event including shots and passes, while the off-ball movement remains a little-explored area in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yisheng Pei , Varuna De Silva , Mike Caine

In sports analytics, player tracking data have driven significant advancements in the task of player evaluation. We present a novel generative framework for evaluating the observed frame-by-frame player positioning against a distribution of…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-24 Quang Nguyen , Ronald Yurko

The NFL collects detailed tracking data capturing the location of all players and the ball during each play. Although the raw form of this data is not publicly available, the NFL releases a set of aggregated statistics via their Next Gen…

Applications · Statistics 2019-12-09 Sarah Mallepalle , Ron Yurko , Konstantinos Pelechrinis , Samuel L. Ventura

Given a monocular video of a soccer match, this paper presents a computational model to estimate the most feasible pass at any given time. The method leverages offensive player's orientation (plus their location) and opponents' spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Adrià Arbués-Sangüesa , Adrián Martín , Javier Fernández , Coloma Ballester , Gloria Haro

To score goals in football, a team needs to move forward on the pitch and there are various ways to do so. Depending on the game plan & philosophy; some teams prefer to play long balls from either wings or defense. Others, prefer to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Hadi Sotudeh

Estimating win probability is one of the classic modeling tasks of sports analytics. Many widely used win probability estimators use machine learning to fit the relationship between a binary win/loss outcome variable and certain game-state…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-21 Ryan S. Brill , Ronald Yurko , Abraham J. Wyner

The National Football League (NFL) Scouting Combine serves as a tool to evaluate the skills of prospective players and assess their readiness to play in the NFL. The development of machine learning brings new opportunities in assessing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Brian Szekely , Christian Sinnott , Savannah Halow , Gregory Ryan

In American football, a pass rush is an attempt by the defensive team to disrupt the offense and prevent the quarterback (QB) from completing a pass. Existing metrics for assessing pass rush performance are either discrete-time quantities…

Applications · Statistics 2023-08-01 Quang Nguyen , Ronald Yurko , Gregory J. Matthews

The process of decision-making in football is characterized by a complex interplay between spatial positioning, opponent pressure, and player intent. This work introduces a Graph Neural Network (GNN) framework designed to predict Receiver…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Gabriel Masella , Giuseppe Alessio D'Inverno , Max Goldsmith , Gianluigi Rozza

Defensive Pass Interference (DPI) is one of the most impactful penalties in the NFL. DPI is a spot foul, yielding an automatic first down to the team in possession. With such an influence on the game, referees have no room for a mistake. It…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Arian Skoki , Jonatan Lerga , Ivan Štajduhar

Traditional assessments of tackling in American Football often only consider the number of tackles made, without adequately accounting for their context and importance for the game. Aiming for improvement, we develop a metric that…

Applications · Statistics 2024-07-12 Robert Bajons , Jan-Ole Koslik , Rouven Michels , Marius Ötting

Do NFL teams make rational decisions? What factors potentially affect the probability of wining a game in NFL? How can a team come back from a demoralizing interception? In this study we begin by examining the hypothesis of rational…

Applications · Statistics 2017-02-08 Konstantinos Pelechrinis , Evangelos Papalexakis

Daily fantasy sports (DFS) are weekly or daily online contests where real-game performances of individual players are converted to fantasy points (FPTS). Users select players for their lineup to maximize their FPTS within a set player…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Joseph M. Mahoney , Tomasz B. Paniak

Several performance metrics for quantifying the in-game performances of individual football players have been proposed in recent years. Although the majority of the on-the-ball actions during games constitutes of passes, many of the…

Applications · Statistics 2018-10-05 Lotte Bransen , Jan Van Haaren

Unlike other major professional sports, American football lacks comprehensive statistical ratings for player evaluation that are both reproducible and easily interpretable in terms of game outcomes. Existing methods for player evaluation in…

Applications · Statistics 2018-07-13 Ronald Yurko , Samuel Ventura , Maksim Horowitz

Football forecasting models traditionally rate teams on past match results, that is based on the number of goals scored. Goals, however, involve a high element of chance and thus past results often do not reflect the performances of the…

Applications · Statistics 2021-01-07 Edward Wheatcroft , Ewelina Sienkiewicz
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