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Simulating real-time dynamics under a Hamiltonian is a central goal of quantum information science. While numerous Hamiltonian-simulation quantum algorithms have been proposed, the effects of physical noise have rarely been incorporated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Keisuke Murota , Synge Todo , Suguru Endo

Trotterization is the most common and convenient approximation method for Hamiltonian simulations on digital quantum computers, but estimating its error accurately is computationally difficult for large quantum systems. Here, we develop a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-19 Tatsuhiko N. Ikeda , Hideki Kono , Keisuke Fujii

Phase estimation is a quantum algorithm for measuring the eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian. We propose and rigorously analyse a randomized phase estimation algorithm with two distinctive features. First, our algorithm has complexity independent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-09 Kianna Wan , Mario Berta , Earl T. Campbell

Hamiltonian simulation is a promising application for quantum computers to achieve a quantum advantage. We present classical algorithms based on tensor network methods to optimize quantum circuits for this task. We show that, compared to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-05 Conor Mc Keever , Michael Lubasch

Randomized algorithms such as qDRIFT provide an efficient framework for quantum simulation by sampling terms from a decomposition of the system's generator. However, existing error bounds for qDRIFT scale quadratically with the norm of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 I. J. David , I. Sinayskiy , F. Petruccione

Unitary operations are the building blocks of quantum programs. Our task is to design effcient or optimal implementations of these unitary operations by employing the intrinsic physical resources of a given n-qubit system. The most common…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert Zeier , Markus Grassl , Thomas Beth

The accuracy of quantum dynamics simulation is usually measured by the error of the unitary evolution operator in the operator norm, which in turn depends on certain norm of the Hamiltonian. For unbounded operators, after suitable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-26 Dong An , Di Fang , Lin Lin

Quantum simulation is a promising application of future quantum computers. Product formulas, or Trotterization, are the oldest and still remain an appealing method to simulate quantum systems. For an accurate product formula approximation,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-04 Chi-Fang , Chen , Fernando G. S. L. Brandão

The quantum circuit model is the de-facto way of designing quantum algorithms. Yet any level of abstraction away from the underlying hardware incurs overhead. In the era of near-term, noisy, intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-27 Laura Clinton , Johannes Bausch , Toby Cubitt

Quantum computing promises transformative impacts in simulating Hamiltonian dynamics, essential for studying physical systems inaccessible by classical computing. However, existing compilation techniques for Hamiltonian simulation, in…

The algorithmic error of digital quantum simulations is usually explored in terms of the spectral norm distance between the actual and ideal evolution operators. In practice, this worst-case error analysis may be unnecessarily pessimistic.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-02 Qi Zhao , You Zhou , Alexander F. Shaw , Tongyang Li , Andrew M. Childs

Iterative phase estimation has long been used in quantum computing to estimate Hamiltonian eigenvalues. This is done by applying many repetitions of the same fundamental simulation circuit to an initial state, and using statistical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-25 Ian D. Kivlichan , Christopher E. Granade , Nathan Wiebe

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver approach to the electronic structure problem on a quantum computer involves measurement of the Hamiltonian expectation value. Formally, quantum mechanics allows one to measure all mutually commuting or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-17 Tzu-Ching Yen , Vladyslav Verteletskyi , Artur F. Izmaylov

We study the regimes in which Hamiltonian simulation benefits from randomization. We introduce a sparse-QSVT construction based on composite stochastic decompositions, where dominant terms are treated deterministically and smaller…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Francesco Paganelli , Michele Grossi , Andrea Giachero , Thomas E. O'Brien , Oriel Kiss

This paper is concerned with the phase estimation algorithm in quantum computing algorithms, especially the scenarios where (1) the input vector is not an eigenvector; (2) the unitary operator is not exactly implemented; (3) random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-10 Xiantao Li

Many quantum algorithms, such as adiabatic algorithms (e.g. AQC) and phase randomisation, require simulating Hamiltonian evolution. In addition, the simulation of physical systems is an important objective in its own right. In many cases,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Benoît Dubus , Joseph Cunningham , Jérémie Roland

Quantum simulation uses a well-known quantum system to predict the behavior of another quantum system. Certain limitations in this technique arise, however, when applied to specific problems, as we demonstrate with a theoretical and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Kenneth R. Brown , Robert J. Clark , Isaac L. Chuang

Symmetries in a Hamiltonian play an important role in quantum physics because they correspond directly with conserved quantities of the related system. In this paper, we propose quantum algorithms capable of testing whether a Hamiltonian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-29 Margarite L. LaBorde , Mark M. Wilde

Understanding algorithmic error accumulation in quantum simulation is crucial due to its fundamental significance and practical applications in simulating quantum many-body system dynamics. Conventional theories typically apply the triangle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-11 Boyang Chen , Jue Xu , Qi Zhao , Xiao Yuan

Universal fault-tolerant quantum computers will require error-free execution of long sequences of quantum gate operations, which is expected to involve millions of physical qubits. Before the full power of such machines will be available,…

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