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This paper describes our submission of the WMT 2020 Shared Task on Sentence Level Direct Assessment, Quality Estimation (QE). In this study, we empirically reveal the \textit{mismatching issue} when directly adopting BERTScore to QE.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Lei Zhou , Liang Ding , Koichi Takeda

Quality estimation (QE) for tasks involving language data is hard owing to numerous aspects of natural language like variations in paraphrasing, style, grammar, etc. There can be multiple answers with varying levels of acceptability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Prabhakar Gupta , Anil Nelakanti

The predictive uncertainty of machine translation (MT) models is typically used as a quality estimation proxy. In this work, we posit that apart from confidently translating when a single correct translation exists, models should also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Ieva Raminta Staliūnaitė , Julius Cheng , Andreas Vlachos

A major challenge in the practical use of Machine Translation (MT) is that users lack guidance to make informed decisions about when to rely on outputs. Progress in quality estimation research provides techniques to automatically assess MT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Nikita Mehandru , Sweta Agrawal , Yimin Xiao , Elaine C Khoong , Ge Gao , Marine Carpuat , Niloufar Salehi

Quality Estimation (QE) is essential for assessing machine translation quality in reference-less settings, particularly for domain-specific and low-resource language scenarios. In this paper, we investigate sentence-level QE for English to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Namrata Patil Gurav , Akashdeep Ranu , Archchana Sindhujan , Diptesh Kanojia

With increasing deployment of machine learning systems in various real-world tasks, there is a greater need for accurate quantification of predictive uncertainty. While the common goal in uncertainty quantification (UQ) in machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Youngseog Chung , Ian Char , Han Guo , Jeff Schneider , Willie Neiswanger

With the recent advance in neural machine translation demonstrating its importance, research on quality estimation (QE) has been steadily progressing. QE aims to automatically predict the quality of machine translation (MT) output without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Sugyeong Eo , Chanjun Park , Hyeonseok Moon , Jaehyung Seo , Gyeongmin Kim , Jungseob Lee , Heuiseok Lim

Despite the progress in machine translation quality estimation and evaluation in the last years, decoding in neural machine translation (NMT) is mostly oblivious to this and centers around finding the most probable translation according to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Patrick Fernandes , António Farinhas , Ricardo Rei , José G. C. de Souza , Perez Ogayo , Graham Neubig , André F. T. Martins

Translation quality evaluation plays a crucial role in machine translation. According to the input format, it is mainly separated into three tasks, i.e., reference-only, source-only and source-reference-combined. Recent methods, despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Yu Wan , Dayiheng Liu , Baosong Yang , Haibo Zhang , Boxing Chen , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

This paper describes our submission to the shared task on word/phrase level Quality Estimation (QE) in the First Conference on Statistical Machine Translation (WMT16). The objective of the shared task was to predict if the given word/phrase…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-25 Raj Nath Patel , Sasikumar M

We introduce MT-LENS, a framework designed to evaluate Machine Translation (MT) systems across a variety of tasks, including translation quality, gender bias detection, added toxicity, and robustness to misspellings. While several toolkits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Javier García Gilabert , Carlos Escolano , Audrey Mash , Xixian Liao , Maite Melero

The high-quality translation results produced by machine translation (MT) systems still pose a huge challenge for automatic evaluation. Current MT evaluation pays the same attention to each sentence component, while the questions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Runzhe Zhan , Xuebo Liu , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

Reliable uncertainty quantification (UQ) is essential for deploying large language models (LLMs) in safety-critical scenarios, as it enables them to abstain from responding when uncertain, thereby avoiding hallucinations, i.e., plausible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Xingtao Zhao , Hao Peng , Dingli Su , Xianghua Zeng , Chunyang Liu , Jinzhi Liao , Philip S. Yu

Recent advancements in machine learning have spurred growing interests in automated interpreting quality assessment. Nevertheless, existing research suffers from insufficient examination of language use quality, unsatisfactory modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Zhaokun Jiang , Ziyin Zhang

We describe the Universitat d'Alacant submissions to the word- and sentence-level machine translation (MT) quality estimation (QE) shared task at WMT 2018. Our approach to word-level MT QE builds on previous work to mark the words in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Miquel Esplà-Gomis , Felipe Sánchez-Martínez , Mikel L. Forcada

Analytic Translation Quality Evaluation (TQE), based on Multidimensional Quality Metrics (MQM), traditionally uses a linear error-to-penalty scale calibrated to a reference sample of 1000-2000 words. However, linear extrapolation biases…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Serge Gladkoff , Lifeng Han , Katerina Gasova

Despite significant improvements in enhancing the quality of translation, context-aware machine translation (MT) models underperform in many cases. One of the main reasons is that they fail to utilize the correct features from context when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Huy Hien Vu , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

Quality estimation aims to measure the quality of translated content without access to a reference translation. This is crucial for machine translation systems in real-world scenarios where high-quality translation is needed. While many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Yi-Lin Tuan , Ahmed El-Kishky , Adithya Renduchintala , Vishrav Chaudhary , Francisco Guzmán , Lucia Specia

The ability to replicate predictions by machine learning (ML) or artificial intelligence (AI) models and results in scientific workflows that incorporate such ML/AI predictions is driven by numerous factors. An uncertainty-aware metric that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Line Pouchard , Kristofer G. Reyes , Francis J. Alexander , Byung-Jun Yoon

Complex black-box predictive models may have high performance, but lack of interpretability causes problems like lack of trust, lack of stability, sensitivity to concept drift. On the other hand, achieving satisfactory accuracy of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Alicja Gosiewska , Przemyslaw Biecek