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Most languages of the world pose low-resource challenges to natural language processing models. With multilingual training, knowledge can be shared among languages. However, not all languages positively influence each other and it is an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Mingyang Wang , Heike Adel , Lukas Lange , Jannik Strötgen , Hinrich Schütze

Large language model (LLM)-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) has recently achieved strong performance across diverse tasks, yet contextual biasing for named entities and hotwords under large vocabularies remains challenging. In this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-29 YuXiang Kong , JunFeng Hou , Jian Tang , Bingqing Zhu , Jicheng Zhang , Shaofei Xue

Multilingual language models (LMs) sometimes under-perform their monolingual counterparts, possibly due to capacity limitations. We quantify this ``multilingual penalty'' for lexical disambiguation--a task requiring precise semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Sean Trott , Pamela D. Rivière

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge to generate a response within a context with improved accuracy and reduced hallucinations. However, multi-modal RAG systems face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Matin Mortaheb , Mohammad A. Amir Khojastepour , Srimat T. Chakradhar , Sennur Ulukus

The goal of this paper is to provide a new perspective on speech modeling by incorporating perceptual invariances such as amplitude scaling and temporal shifts. Conventional generative formulations often treat each dataset sample as a fixed…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-24 Doyeop Kwak , Youngjoon Jang , Joon Son Chung

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a groundbreaking technology and their unparalleled text generation capabilities have sparked interest in their application to the fundamental sentence representation learning task.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Huiming Wang , Zhaodonghui Li , Liying Cheng , Soh De Wen , Lidong Bing

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated strong performance in multilingual question-answering (QA) tasks by leveraging relevant passages retrieved from corpora. In multilingual RAG (mRAG), the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Jirui Qi , Raquel Fernández , Arianna Bisazza

While reasoning and multilingual capabilities in language models (LMs) have achieved remarkable progress in recent years, their integration into a unified paradigm - multilingual reasoning - is at a nascent stage. Multilingual reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Akash Ghosh , Debayan Datta , Sriparna Saha , Chirag Agarwal

Generative modeling has recently shown great promise in computer vision, but it has mostly focused on synthesizing visually realistic images. In this paper, motivated by multi-task learning of shareable feature representations, we consider…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Zhipeng Bao , Martial Hebert , Yu-Xiong Wang

This paper introduces a comprehensive framework for the evaluation and validation of generative language models (GLMs), with a focus on Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems deployed in high-stakes domains such as banking. GLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Agus Sudjianto , Aijun Zhang , Srinivas Neppalli , Tarun Joshi , Michal Malohlava

Cross-lingual text classification aims at training a classifier on the source language and transferring the knowledge to target languages, which is very useful for low-resource languages. Recent multilingual pretrained language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Ziyun Wang , Xuan Liu , Peiji Yang , Shixing Liu , Zhisheng Wang

Current multilingual vision-language models either require a large number of additional parameters for each supported language, or suffer performance degradation as languages are added. In this paper, we propose a Scalable Multilingual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Andrea Burns , Donghyun Kim , Derry Wijaya , Kate Saenko , Bryan A. Plummer

We propose LoRA-MCL, a training scheme that extends next-token prediction in language models with a method designed to decode diverse, plausible sentence continuations at inference time. Traditional language modeling is an intrinsically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Victor Letzelter , Hugo Malard , Mathieu Fontaine , Gaël Richard , Slim Essid , Andrei Bursuc , Patrick Pérez

Aligning language models (LMs) based on human-annotated preference data is a crucial step in obtaining practical and performant LM-based systems. However, multilingual human preference data are difficult to obtain at scale, making it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Zhaofeng Wu , Ananth Balashankar , Yoon Kim , Jacob Eisenstein , Ahmad Beirami

Automated Short Answer Scoring (ASAS) is a critical component in educational assessment. While traditional ASAS systems relied on rule-based algorithms or complex deep learning methods, recent advancements in Generative Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Zifan Wang , Christopher Ormerod

Conversational recommender systems (CRS) aim to capture user's current intentions and provide recommendations through real-time multi-turn conversational interactions. As a human-machine interactive system, it is essential for CRS to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Shuokai Li , Yongchun Zhu , Ruobing Xie , Zhenwei Tang , Zhao Zhang , Fuzhen Zhuang , Qing He , Hui Xiong

Conversational recommender systems aim to provide personalized recommendations via natural language interactions. However, existing approaches either decouple recommendation from dialog generation or rely on retrieval-based pipelines,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Sixiao Zhang , Mingrui Liu , Cheng Long

A Conversational Recommender System (CRS) offers increased transparency and control to users by enabling them to engage with the system through a real-time multi-turn dialogue. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited an…

In the rapidly evolving landscape of information retrieval, search engines strive to provide more personalized and relevant results to users. Query suggestion systems play a crucial role in achieving this goal by assisting users in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Zheng Wang , Bingzheng Gan , Wei Shi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have recently shown remarkable advancements by integrating retrieval mechanisms into language models, enhancing their ability to produce more accurate and contextually relevant responses.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Siran Li , Linus Stenzel , Carsten Eickhoff , Seyed Ali Bahrainian