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Encoder-decoder networks with attention have proven to be a powerful way to solve many sequence-to-sequence tasks. In these networks, attention aligns encoder and decoder states and is often used for visualizing network behavior. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Kyle Aitken , Vinay V Ramasesh , Yuan Cao , Niru Maheswaranathan

Attention-based architectures have become ubiquitous in machine learning, yet our understanding of the reasons for their effectiveness remains limited. This work proposes a new way to understand self-attention networks: we show that their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yihe Dong , Jean-Baptiste Cordonnier , Andreas Loukas

Neural machine translation has shown very promising results lately. Most NMT models follow the encoder-decoder framework. To make encoder-decoder models more flexible, attention mechanism was introduced to machine translation and also other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-25 Shi Feng , Shujie Liu , Mu Li , Ming Zhou

Modern conversational AI systems support natural language understanding for a wide variety of capabilities. While a majority of these tasks can be accomplished using a simple and flat representation of intents and slots, more sophisticated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Ke Tran , Ming Tan

Neural machine translation (NMT) systems operate primarily on words (or sub-words), ignoring lower-level patterns of morphology. We present a character-aware decoder designed to capture such patterns when translating into morphologically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Adithya Renduchintala , Pamela Shapiro , Kevin Duh , Philipp Koehn

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) leverages one or more trained neural networks for the translation of phrases. Sutskever introduced a sequence to sequence based encoder-decoder model which became the standard for NMT based systems.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Satish Mylapore , Ryan Quincy Paul , Joshua Yi , Robert D. Slater

In sequence-to-sequence learning, e.g., natural language generation, the decoder relies on the attention mechanism to efficiently extract information from the encoder. While it is common practice to draw information from only the last…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Fenglin Liu , Xuancheng Ren , Guangxiang Zhao , Chenyu You , Xuewei Ma , Xian Wu , Xu Sun

Both text-to-image generation and large language models (LLMs) have made significant advancements. However, many text-to-image models still employ the somewhat outdated T5 and CLIP as their text encoders. In this work, we investigate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Andrew Z. Wang , Songwei Ge , Tero Karras , Ming-Yu Liu , Yogesh Balaji

Transformers are increasingly dominating multi-modal reasoning tasks, such as visual question answering, achieving state-of-the-art results thanks to their ability to contextualize information using the self-attention and co-attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Hila Chefer , Shir Gur , Lior Wolf

Explanations in a recommender system assist users in making informed decisions among a set of recommended items. Great research attention has been devoted to generating natural language explanations to depict how the recommendations are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Peng Wang , Renqin Cai , Hongning Wang

Recent studies have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve strong reasoning performance by incorporating functional symbolic representations that abstractly describe graph traversal algorithms and step-by-step reasoning in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Phuong Minh Nguyen , Tien Huu Dang , Naoya Inoue

Existing pre-trained models for knowledge-graph-to-text (KG-to-text) generation simply fine-tune text-to-text pre-trained models such as BART or T5 on KG-to-text datasets, which largely ignore the graph structure during encoding and lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Pei Ke , Haozhe Ji , Yu Ran , Xin Cui , Liwei Wang , Linfeng Song , Xiaoyan Zhu , Minlie Huang

Whereas deep neural networks were first mostly used for classification tasks, they are rapidly expanding in the realm of structured output problems, where the observed target is composed of multiple random variables that have a rich joint…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Kyunghyun Cho , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

Attention-based sequence-to-sequence model has proved successful in Neural Machine Translation (NMT). However, the attention without consideration of decoding history, which includes the past information in the decoder and the attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Junyang Lin , Shuming Ma , Qi Su , Xu Sun

Auto-regressive models (ARMs) have established a dominant paradigm in language modeling. However, their strictly sequential decoding paradigm imposes fundamental constraints on both inference efficiency and modeling flexibility. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yuyan Zhou , Kai Syun Hou , Weiyu Chen , James Kwok

In a conversation or a dialogue process, attention and intention play intrinsic roles. This paper proposes a neural network based approach that models the attention and intention processes. It essentially consists of three recurrent…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-11-06 Kaisheng Yao , Geoffrey Zweig , Baolin Peng

Text alignment finds application in tasks such as citation recommendation and plagiarism detection. Existing alignment methods operate at a single, predefined level and cannot learn to align texts at, for example, sentence and document…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Xuhui Zhou , Nikolaos Pappas , Noah A. Smith

We introduce a new beam search decoder that is fully differentiable, making it possible to optimize at training time through the inference procedure. Our decoder allows us to combine models which operate at different granularities (e.g.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Ronan Collobert , Awni Hannun , Gabriel Synnaeve

\textit{Attention} computes the dependency between representations, and it encourages the model to focus on the important selective features. Attention-based models, such as Transformer and graph attention network (GAT), are widely utilized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Kyungwoo Song , Yohan Jung , Dongjun Kim , Il-Chul Moon

Despite the ubiquity of mobile and wearable text messaging applications, the problem of keyboard text decoding is not tackled sufficiently in the light of the enormous success of the deep learning Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Shaona Ghosh , Per Ola Kristensson