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Marginal structural models (MSMs) are commonly used to estimate causal intervention effects in longitudinal non-randomised studies. A common issue when analysing data from observational studies is the presence of incomplete confounder data,…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-02 Clemence Leyrat , James R Carpenter , Sebastien Bailly , Elizabeth J Willamson

Standard Gaussian graphical models (GGMs) implicitly assume that the conditional independence among variables is common to all observations in the sample. However, in practice, observations are usually collected form heterogeneous…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-01-26 Abel Rodriguez , Alex Lenkoski , Adrian Dobra

Progression of chronic disease is often manifested by repeated occurrences of disease-related events over time. Delineating the heterogeneity in the risk of such recurrent events can provide valuable scientific insight for guiding…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-16 Huijuan Ma , Limin Peng , Chiung-Yu Huang , Haoda Fu

Recent work has shown promising results in causal discovery by leveraging interventional data with gradient-based methods, even when the intervened variables are unknown. However, previous work assumes that the correspondence between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Gonçalo R. A. Faria , André F. T. Martins , Mário A. T. Figueiredo

Studies often estimate associations between an outcome and multiple variates. For example, studies of diagnostic test accuracy estimate sensitivity and specificity, and studies of predictive and prognostic factors typically estimate…

A novel data-driven methodology is presented for the joint selection of prior parameters for both fixed and random effects in Linear Mixed Models (LMMs). This approach facilitates the estimation of complex random-effects structures, as well…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-28 Matteo Amestoy , R. Vermeulen , Mark A. van de Wiel , Wessel N. van Wieringen

This paper studies the inference of the regression coefficient matrix under multivariate response linear regressions in the presence of hidden variables. A novel procedure for constructing confidence intervals of entries of the coefficient…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-21 Xin Bing , Wei Cheng , Huijie Feng , Yang Ning

We compare different selection criteria to choose the number of latent states of a multivariate latent Markov model for longitudinal data. This model is based on an underlying Markov chain to represent the evolution of a latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-12-04 Silvia Bacci , Silvia Pandolfi , Fulvia Pennoni

In this paper, we propose an invariant quantile regression (IQR) framework specifically designed for multi-environment datasets, which captures the invariance across different environments. This framework is closely related to transfer…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-28 Bo Fu , Dandan Jiang

Individuals with bipolar disorder tend to cycle through disease states such as depression and mania. The heterogeneous nature of disease across states complicates the evaluation of interventions for bipolar disorder patients, as varied…

The current Poisson factor models often assume that the factors are unknown, which overlooks the explanatory potential of certain observable covariates. This study focuses on high dimensional settings, where the number of the count response…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-26 Wei Liu , Qingzhi Zhong

To study the neurophysiological basis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), clinicians use electroencephalography (EEG) which record neuronal electrical activity on the cortex. Instead of focusing on single-channel spectral…

Applications · Statistics 2025-06-16 Paolo Victor Redondo , Raphael Huser , Hernando Ombao

In this work, we propose an approach for assessing sensitivity to unobserved confounding in studies with multiple outcomes. We demonstrate how prior knowledge unique to the multi-outcome setting can be leveraged to strengthen causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-26 Jiajing Zheng , Jiaxi Wu , Alexander D'Amour , Alexander Franks

Prediction of the future trajectory of a disease is an important challenge for personalized medicine and population health management. However, many complex chronic diseases exhibit large degrees of heterogeneity, and furthermore there is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-17 Joseph Futoma , Mark Sendak , C. Blake Cameron , Katherine Heller

In this paper, we propose a general subgroup analysis framework based on semiparametric additive mixed effect models in longitudinal analysis, which can identify subgroups on each covariate and estimate the corresponding regression…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-02 Xiaolin Bo , Weiping Zhang

Long-term causal inference has drawn increasing attention in many scientific domains. Existing methods mainly focus on estimating average long-term causal effects by combining long-term observational data and short-term experimental data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Weilin Chen , Ruichu Cai , Junjie Wan , Zeqin Yang , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

Mixtures of linear mixed models are widely used for modelling longitudinal data for which observation times differ between subjects. In typical applications, temporal trends are described using a basis expansion, with basis coefficients…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-25 Lucas Kock , Nadja Klein , David J. Nott

Covariance matrix outcomes arise naturally in neuroimaging experiments to study brain functional connectivity. It is also of interest to understand how brain network organization varies with subject-level covariates. Existing covariance…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-08 Michelle Murphy Green , Xi Luo , Brian S. Caffo , Yi Zhao

Flexible estimation of multiple conditional quantiles is of interest in numerous applications, such as studying the effect of pregnancy-related factors on low and high birth weight. We propose a Bayesian non-parametric method to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-22 Steven G. Xu , Brian J. Reich

Observational cohort data is an important source of information for understanding the causal effects of treatments on survival and the degree to which these effects are mediated through changes in disease-related risk factors. However,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-20 Saurabh Bhandari , Michael J. Daniels , Juned Siddique