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Given a similarity metric, contrastive methods learn a representation in which examples that are similar are pushed together and examples that are dissimilar are pulled apart. Contrastive learning techniques have been utilized extensively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Emily Mu , John Guttag , Maggie Makar

We introduce a novel method for representation learning that uses an artificial supervision signal based on counting visual primitives. This supervision signal is obtained from an equivariance relation, which does not require any manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Mehdi Noroozi , Hamed Pirsiavash , Paolo Favaro

The popularity of self-supervised learning has made it possible to train models without relying on labeled data, which saves expensive annotation costs. However, most existing self-supervised contrastive learning methods often overlook the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Weiquan Li , Xianzhong Long , Yun Li

3D reconstruction is a useful tool for surgical planning and guidance. However, the lack of available medical data stunts research and development in this field, as supervised deep learning methods for accurate disparity estimation rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Alistair Weld , Joao Cartucho , Chi Xu , Joseph Davids , Stamatia Giannarou

The idea of reusing information from previously learned tasks (source tasks) for the learning of new tasks (target tasks) has the potential to significantly improve the sample efficiency reinforcement learning agents. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-21 Thommen George Karimpanal , Roland Bouffanais

Real-world reinforcement learning (RL) environments, whether in robotics or industrial settings, often involve non-visual observations and require not only efficient but also reliable and thus interpretable and flexible RL approaches. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Moritz Lange , Noah Krystiniak , Raphael C. Engelhardt , Wolfgang Konen , Laurenz Wiskott

Contrastive learning has revolutionized the field of computer vision, learning rich representations from unlabeled data, which generalize well to diverse vision tasks. Consequently, it has become increasingly important to explain these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Fawaz Sammani , Boris Joukovsky , Nikos Deligiannis

To train Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) to generate realistic imagery requires a loss function that reflects human perception of image similarity. We propose such a loss function based on Watson's perceptual model, which computes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-07 Steffen Czolbe , Oswin Krause , Ingemar Cox , Christian Igel

Representation learning seeks to expose certain aspects of observed data in a learned representation that's amenable to downstream tasks like classification. For instance, a good representation for 2D images might be one that describes only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-07 Xi Chen , Diederik P. Kingma , Tim Salimans , Yan Duan , Prafulla Dhariwal , John Schulman , Ilya Sutskever , Pieter Abbeel

One of the main obstacles for developing flexible AI systems is the split between data-based learners and model-based solvers. Solvers such as classical planners are very flexible and can deal with a variety of problem instances and goals…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Blai Bonet , Hector Geffner

Self-supervised learning is a powerful paradigm for representation learning on unlabelled images. A wealth of effective new methods based on instance matching rely on data-augmentation to drive learning, and these have reached a rough…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Linus Ericsson , Henry Gouk , Timothy M. Hospedales

Contrastive learning methods have shown an impressive ability to learn meaningful representations for image or time series classification. However, these methods are less effective for time series forecasting, as optimization of instance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Xiaochen Zheng , Xingyu Chen , Manuel Schürch , Amina Mollaysa , Ahmed Allam , Michael Krauthammer

Prospection, the act of predicting the consequences of many possible futures, is intrinsic to human planning and action, and may even be at the root of consciousness. Surprisingly, this idea has been explored comparatively little in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Chris Paxton , Yotam Barnoy , Kapil Katyal , Raman Arora , Gregory D. Hager

Contrastive learning has delivered impressive results for various tasks in the self-supervised regime. However, existing approaches optimize for learning representations specific to downstream scenarios, i.e., \textit{global}…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Shuang Ma , Zhaoyang Zeng , Daniel McDuff , Yale Song

How much does having visual priors about the world (e.g. the fact that the world is 3D) assist in learning to perform downstream motor tasks (e.g. delivering a package)? We study this question by integrating a generic perceptual skill set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Alexander Sax , Bradley Emi , Amir R. Zamir , Leonidas Guibas , Silvio Savarese , Jitendra Malik

Non-contrastive methods of self-supervised learning (such as BYOL and SimSiam) learn representations by minimizing the distance between two views of the same image. These approaches have achieved remarkable performance in practice, but the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Xiang Wang , Xinlei Chen , Simon S. Du , Yuandong Tian

Choosing an appropriate representation of the environment for the underlying decision-making process of the reinforcement learning agent is not always straightforward. The state representation should be inclusive enough to allow the agent…

The ability to plan into the future while utilizing only raw high-dimensional observations, such as images, can provide autonomous agents with broad capabilities. Visual model-based reinforcement learning (RL) methods that plan future…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Oleh Rybkin , Chuning Zhu , Anusha Nagabandi , Kostas Daniilidis , Igor Mordatch , Sergey Levine

In contrastive representation learning, data representation is trained so that it can classify the image instances even when the images are altered by augmentations. However, depending on the datasets, some augmentations can damage the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-16 Masanori Koyama , Kentaro Minami , Takeru Miyato , Yarin Gal

Despite recent progress in reinforcement learning (RL) from raw pixel data, sample inefficiency continues to present a substantial obstacle. Prior works have attempted to address this challenge by creating self-supervised auxiliary tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Ruijie Zheng , Xiyao Wang , Yanchao Sun , Shuang Ma , Jieyu Zhao , Huazhe Xu , Hal Daumé , Furong Huang