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Object Recognition and Document Skew Estimation have come a long way in terms of performance and efficiency. New models follow one of two directions: improving performance using larger models, and improving efficiency using smaller models.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Lucas Wojcik , Luiz Coelho , Roger Granada , David Menotti

Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks (CRNNs) excel at scene text recognition. Unfortunately, they are likely to suffer from vanishing/exploding gradient problems when processing long text images, which are commonly found in scanned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Duc Nguyen , Nhan Tran , Hung Le

To automatically correct handwritten assignments, the traditional approach is to use an OCR model to recognize characters and compare them to answers. The OCR model easily gets confused on recognizing handwritten Chinese characters, and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Yusen Zhang , Zhongli Li , Qingyu Zhou , Ziyi Liu , Chao Li , Mina Ma , Yunbo Cao , Hongzhi Liu

Scientific paper retrieval, particularly framed as document-to-document retrieval, aims to identify relevant papers in response to a long-form query paper, rather than a short query string. Previous approaches to this task have focused…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Sangwoo Park , Jinheon Baek , Soyeong Jeong , Sung Ju Hwang

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is a critical but error-prone stage in digital humanities text pipelines. While OCR correction improves usability for downstream NLP tasks, common workflows often overwrite intermediate decisions,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Haoze Guo , Ziqi Wei

Japan is a unique country with a distinct cultural heritage, which is reflected in billions of historical documents that have been preserved. However, the change in Japanese writing system in 1900 made these documents inaccessible for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Alex Lamb , Tarin Clanuwat , Siyu Han , Mikel Bober-Irizar , Asanobu Kitamoto

In this paper, we investigate the usage of fine-grained font recognition on OCR for books printed from the 15th to the 18th century. We used a newly created dataset for OCR of early printed books for which fonts are labeled with bounding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Mathias Seuret , Janne van der Loop , Nikolaus Weichselbaumer , Martin Mayr , Janina Molnar , Tatjana Hass , Florian Kordon , Anguelos Nicolau , Vincent Christlein

Optical Chemical Structure Recognition (OCSR) is critical for converting 2D molecular diagrams from printed literature into machine-readable formats. While Vision-Language Models have shown promise in end-to-end OCR tasks, their direct…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Haocheng Tang , Xingyu Dang , Junmei Wang

Post-editing in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) entails automatically correcting common and systematic errors produced by the ASR system. The outputs of an ASR system are largely prone to phonetic and spelling errors. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Samrat Dutta , Shreyansh Jain , Ayush Maheshwari , Souvik Pal , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Preethi Jyothi

A sequence-to-sequence learning with neural networks has empirically proven to be an effective framework for Chinese Spelling Correction (CSC), which takes a sentence with some spelling errors as input and outputs the corrected one.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Chong Li , Cenyuan Zhang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

When learning grammar of the new language, a teacher should routinely check student's exercises for grammatical correctness. The paper describes a method of automatically detecting and reporting grammar mistakes, regarding an order of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-01-14 Oleg Sychev , Dmitry Mamontov

We introduce SELECT (Scene tExt Label Errors deteCTion), a novel approach that leverages multi-modal training to detect label errors in real-world scene text datasets. Utilizing an image-text encoder and a character-level tokenizer, SELECT…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Wenjun Liu , Qian Wu , Yifeng Hu , Yuke Li

Code retrieval helps developers reuse the code snippet in the open-source projects. Given a natural language description, code retrieval aims to search for the most relevant code among a set of code. Existing state-of-the-art approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-21 Qihao Zhu , Zeyu Sun , Xiran Liang , Yingfei Xiong , Lu Zhang

Modern language models are internally -- and mathematically -- distributions over $\it{token}$ strings rather than $\it{character}$ strings, posing numerous challenges for programmers building user applications on top of them. For example,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Tim Vieira , Ben LeBrun , Mario Giulianelli , Juan Luis Gastaldi , Brian DuSell , John Terilla , Timothy J. O'Donnell , Ryan Cotterell

In Document Understanding, the challenge of reconstructing damaged, occluded, or incomplete text remains a critical yet unexplored problem. Subsequent document understanding tasks can benefit from a document reconstruction process. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Kunal Purkayastha , Ayan Banerjee , Josep Llados , Umapada Pal

Text segmentation is an inherent part of an OCR system irrespective of the domain of application of it. The OCR system contains a segmentation module where the text lines, words and ultimately the characters must be segmented properly for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2010-03-23 Satadal Saha , Subhadip Basu , Mita Nasipuri , Dipak Kr. Basu

We propose a novel word embedding pre-training approach that exploits writing errors in learners' scripts. We compare our method to previous models that tune the embeddings based on script scores and the discrimination between correct and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-05 Youmna Farag , Marek Rei , Ted Briscoe

With the further development of informatization, more and more data is stored in the form of text. There are some loss of text during their generation and transmission. The paper aims to establish a language model based on the large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-03 Ji Wen

This paper studies Chinese Spelling Correction (CSC), which aims to detect and correct the potential spelling errors in a given sentence. Current state-of-the-art methods regard CSC as a sequence tagging task and fine-tune BERT-based models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Linfeng Liu , Hongqiu Wu , Hai Zhao

We combine three methods which significantly improve the OCR accuracy of OCR models trained on early printed books: (1) The pretraining method utilizes the information stored in already existing models trained on a variety of typesets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-01 Christian Reul , Uwe Springmann , Christoph Wick , Frank Puppe