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Time-asymmetric spacetime structures, in particular those representing black holes and the expansion of the universe, are intimately related to other arrows of time, such as the second law and the retardation of radiation. The nature of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-22 H. D. Zeh

Antiparticles may be interpreted as ordinary particles travelling backwards in time and the two descriptions are considered equivalent, at least in special relativity and relativistic quantum mechanics. It is suggested that, vice versa, the…

General Physics · Physics 2009-11-12 Massimo Villata

This thesis addresses two major problems in the philosophy of physics. The first is how to identify the minimal physical content of a theory; that is, what features of a theory are truly needed to make predictions, and what can be removed…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-09-19 Sean Gryb

A model quantum cosmology is used to illustrate how arrows of time emerge in a universe governed by a time-neutral dynamical theory constrained by time asymmetric initial and final boundary conditions represented by initial and final…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-18 James B. Hartle

In this paper we address the problem of the arrow of time from a cosmological point of view, rejecting the traditional entropic approach that defines the future direction of time as the direction of the entropy increase: from our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Mario Castagnino , Luis Lara , Olimpia Lombardi

The existence of a thermodynamic arrow of time in the present universe implies that the initial state of the observable portion of our universe at (or near) the ``big bang'' must have been very ``special''. We argue that it is not plausible…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert M. Wald

In Ref.1 (L. Boyle, K. Finn and N. Turok, CPT-Symmetric Universe, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 121}, 251301 (2018)) the antispacetime Universe was suggested as the analytic continuation of our Universe across the Big Bang singularity in conformal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-17 G. E. Volovik

In this paper, we investigate an important issue addressed by several approaches to quantum cosmology, like that based on loop quantum gravity and string theory: the existence of an arrow of time driving the cosmological evolution according…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-25 Carlos Silva , Renan Aragão , Francisco A. Brito

I examine two cosmological scenarios in which the thermodynamic arrow of time points in opposite directions in the asymptotic past and future. The first scenario, suggested by Aguirre and Gratton, assumes that the two asymptotic regions are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-08-28 Alexander Vilenkin

This paper extends the work of a previous paper [arXiv:1208.2611] on the flow of time, to consider the origin of the arrow of time. It proposes that a `past condition' cascades down from cosmological to micro scales, being realized in many…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-04 George F R Ellis

The thermodynamic arrow-of-time problem is thought to be resolved by the observation that our universe initially was---and still is---far from equilibrium. The psychological arrow-of-time problem is often attributed the same resolution, but…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-19 Lucas Johns

We demonstrate that the cosmological arrow of time is the cause for the arrow of time associated with the retarded radiation. This implies that the proposed mathematical model serves to confirm the hypothesis of Gold and Wheeler that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-19 Alla Yurova , Artyom Yurov , Valerian Yurov

Scientists continue to wrestle with the enigma of time. Is time a dynamic or a fundamental property of spacetime? Why does it have an arrow pointing from past to future? Why are physical laws time-symmetric in a universe with broken…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-15 L. Mersini-Houghton

We investigate the origin of the arrow of time in quantum mechanics in the context of quantum cosmology. The ``Copenhagen'' quantum mechanics of measured subsystems incorporates a fundamental arrow of time. Extending discussions of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-25 Murray Gell-Mann , James B. Hartle

The outcome of a single quantum experiment is unpredictable, except in a pure-state limit. The definite process that takes place in the apparatus may either be intrinsically random or be explainable from a deeper theory. While the first…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-22 Theo M. Nieuwenhuizen

The arrow of time and the accelerated expansion are two fundamental empirical facts of the Universe. We advance the viewpoint that the dark energy (positive cosmological constant) accelerating the expansion of the Universe also supports the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-20 A. E. Allahverdyan , V. G. Gurzadyan

The relation between the thermodynamical and cosmological arrows of time is usually viewed in the context of the initial conditions of the Universe. It is a necessary but not sufficient condition for ensuring the thermodynamical arrow. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-28 A. E. Allahverdyan , V. G. Gurzadyan

The recent surge of interest in the origin of the temporal asymmetry of thermodynamical systems (including the accessible part of the universe itself) put forward two possible explanatory approaches to this age-old problem. Hereby we show…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Milan M. Cirkovic

The familiar textbook quantum mechanics of laboratory measurements incorporates a quantum mechanical arrow of time --- the direction in time in which state vector reduction operates. This arrow is usually assumed to coincide with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 James B. Hartle

We reconsider the old but yet unsolved problems, origin of the universe and the arrow of time. We show that only the closed universe is free from the singularity with the arrow of time symmetric with respect to the maximal size of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-13 Takeshi Fukuyama
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