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The probability distribution function (PDF) of the mass surface density of molecular clouds provides essential information about the structure of molecular cloud gas and condensed structures out of which stars may form. In general, the PDF…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Jörg Fischera

The analytical formalism to obtain the probability distribution functions (PDFs) of spherically-averaged cosmic densities and velocity divergences in the mildly non-linear regime is presented. A large-deviation principle is applied to those…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-03 Cora Uhlemann , Sandrine Codis , Oliver Hahn , Christophe Pichon , Francis Bernardeau

Photometric redshifts play an important role as a measure of distance for various cosmological topics. Spectroscopic redshifts are only available for a very limited number of objects but can be used for creating statistical models. A broad…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Kai Lars Polsterer , Antonio D'Isanto , Fabian Gieseke

Photometric wide-field surveys are imaging the sky in unprecedented detail. These surveys face a significant challenge in efficiently estimating galactic photometric redshifts while accurately quantifying associated uncertainties. In this…

We apply machine learning in the form of a nearest neighbor instance-based algorithm (NN) to generate full photometric redshift probability density functions (PDFs) for objects in the Fifth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS…

The evolution of probability distribution functions (PDFs) of continuous density, velocity and velocity derivatives ( deformation tensor) fields in the theory of cosmological gravitational instability are considered. We show that in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lev Kofman

In this work, we studied the impact of galaxy morphology on photometric redshift (photo-$z$) probability density functions (PDFs). By including galaxy morphological parameters like the radius, axis-ratio, surface brightness and the S\'ersic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-09 John Y. H. Soo , Benjamin Joachimi

In the present study, we use the DES Y3 catalog of LRG to incorporate the realistic galaxies' redshift Probability Distribution Function(PDF) into the correlation function cosmological model. We used four different photo-z estimators ANNz2,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-06 Paula S. Ferreira , Ribamar R. R. Reis

We compute the one-point PDF of an initially Gaussian dark matter density field using spherical collapse (SC). We compare the results to other forms available in the literature and also compare the PDFs in the $\Lambda$CDM model with an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-08 Ankush Mandal , Sharvari Nadkarni-Ghosh

We present a first principle approach to obtain analytical predictions for spherically-averaged cosmic densities in the mildly non-linear regime that go well beyond what is usually achieved by standard perturbation theory. A large deviation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 Cora Uhlemann , Sandrine Codis , Christophe Pichon , Francis Bernardeau , Paulo Reimberg

At any given scale, 3$\times$2-point statistics extract only three numbers from the joint distribution of the cosmic matter density and galaxy density fluctuations: their variances and their covariance. It is well known that the full shape…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-07 Oliver Friedrich , Lina Castiblanco , Anik Halder , Cora Uhlemann

We investigate the form of the one-point probability distribution function (pdf) for the density field of the interstellar medium using numerical simulations that successively reduce the number of physical processes included.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 J. Scalo , E. Vazquez-Semadeni , D. Chappell , T. Passot

A method providing optimal estimate of probability density functions (PDFs) from time series is proposed. It allows almost arbitrary resolution PDFs when applied to either, sampled analytic functions or digitized data from experiments. When…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-30 R. Labbé

We introduce an ordinal classification algorithm for photometric redshift estimation, which significantly improves the reconstruction of photometric redshift probability density functions (PDFs) for individual galaxies and galaxy samples.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-20 Markus Michael Rau , Stella Seitz , Fabrice Brimioulle , Eibe Frank , Oliver Friedrich , Daniel Gruen , Ben Hoyle

We derive cosmological constraints from the probability distribution function (PDF) of evolved large-scale matter density fluctuations. We do this by splitting lines of sight by density based on their count of tracer galaxies, and by…

We present a non-perturbative calculation of the 1-point probability distribution function (PDF) for the spherically-averaged matter density field. The PDF is represented as a path integral and is evaluated using the saddle-point method. It…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-20 Mikhail M. Ivanov , Alexander A. Kaurov , Sergey Sibiryakov

We present a new analytic calculation for the redshift-space evolution of the 1-point galaxy Probability Distribution Function (PDF). The nonlinear evolution of the matter density field is treated by second-order Eulerian perturbation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Peter Watts , Andrew Taylor

Random processes play a crucial role in scientific research, often characterized by distribution functions or probability density functions (PDFs). These PDFs serve as essential approximations of the actual and frequently undisclosed…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-06 Nico Schick

Despite the high accuracy of photometric redshifts (zphot) derived using Machine Learning (ML) methods, the quantification of errors through reliable and accurate Probability Density Functions (PDFs) is still an open problem. First, because…

We introduce a method for calculating the probability density function (PDF) of a turbulent density field in three dimensions using only information contained in the projected two-dimensional column density field. We test the method by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 Christopher M. Brunt , Christoph Federrath , Daniel J. Price