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We explore using T5 (Raffel et al. (2019)) to directly translate natural language questions into SQL statements. General purpose natural language that interfaces to information stored within databases requires flexibly translating natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Ning Li , Bethany Keller , Mark Butler , Daniel Cer

Text-to-SQL converts natural language questions into executable SQL queries, enabling non-technical users to access relational databases for analytics and intelligent data services. In real-world scenarios, performance is often constrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Tianhao Qiu , Xiaojun Chen

In Text-to-SQL semantic parsing, selecting the correct entities (tables and columns) for the generated SQL query is both crucial and challenging; the parser is required to connect the natural language (NL) question and the SQL query to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Sanxing Chen , Aidan San , Xiaodong Liu , Yangfeng Ji

NoSQL databases have become increasingly popular due to their outstanding performance in handling large-scale, unstructured, and semi-structured data, highlighting the need for user-friendly interfaces to bridge the gap between…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jinwei Lu , Yuanfeng Song , Zhiqian Qin , Haodi Zhang , Chen Zhang , Raymond Chi-Wing Wong

For decades, SQL has been the default language for composing queries, but it is increasingly used as an artifact to be read and verified rather than authored. With Large Language Models (LLMs), queries are increasingly machine-generated,…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Wolfgang Gatterbauer , Diandre Miguel Sabale

An increasing number of organisations in almost all fields have started adopting semantic web technologies for publishing their data as open, linked and interoperable (RDF) datasets, queryable through the SPARQL language and protocol. Link…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Antonis Sklavos , Pavlos Fafalios , Yannis Tzitzikas

While current tasks of converting natural language to SQL (NL2SQL) using Foundation Models have shown impressive achievements, adapting these approaches for converting natural language to Graph Query Language (NL2GQL) encounters hurdles due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Yuhang Zhou , Yu He , Siyu Tian , Yuchen Ni , Zhangyue Yin , Xiang Liu , Chuanjun Ji , Sen Liu , Xipeng Qiu , Guangnan Ye , Hongfeng Chai

The increasing amount of Linked Data and its inherent distributed nature have attracted significant attention throughout the research community and amongst practitioners to search data, in the past years. Inspired by research results from…

Databases · Computer Science 2013-06-10 Nur Aini Rakhmawati , Jürgen Umbrich , Marcel Karnstedt , Ali Hasnain , Michael Hausenblas

When translating natural language questions into SQL queries to answer questions from a database, we would like our methods to generalize to domains and database schemas outside of the training set. To handle complex questions and database…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-28 Richard Shin

The Semantic Web (or Web of Data) represents the successful efforts towards linking and sharing data over the Web. The cornerstones of the Web of Data are RDF as data format and SPARQL as de-facto standard query language. Recent trends show…

Speech-based inputs have been gaining significant momentum with the popularity of smartphones and tablets in our daily lives, since voice is the most easiest and efficient way for human-computer interaction. This paper works towards…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Yuanfeng Song , Raymond Chi-Wing Wong , Xuefang Zhao , Di Jiang

As Resource Description Framework (RDF) is becoming a popular data modelling standard, the challenges of efficient processing of Basic Graph Pattern (BGP) SPARQL queries (a.k.a. SQL inner-joins) have been a focus of the research community…

Databases · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Medha Atre

Translating natural language queries into SQLs in a seq2seq manner has attracted much attention recently. However, compared with abstract-syntactic-tree-based SQL generation, seq2seq semantic parsers face much more challenges, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Yuntao Li , Zhenpeng Su , Yutian Li , Hanchu Zhang , Sirui Wang , Wei Wu , Yan Zhang

SPARQL query rewriting is a fundamental mechanism for uniformly querying heterogeneous ontologies in the Linked Data Web. However, the complexity of ontology alignments, particularly rich correspondences (c : c), makes this process…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Anicet Lepetit Ondo , Laurence Capus , Mamadou Bousso

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at general code generation, yet translating natural-language trading intents into correct option strategies remains challenging. Real-world option design requires reasoning over massive, multi-dimensional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Haochen Luo , Zhengzhao Lai , Junjie Xu , Yifan Li , Tang Pok Hin , Yuan Zhang , Chen Liu

Handling ambiguity and underspecification is an important challenge in natural language interfaces, particularly for tasks like text-to-SQL semantic parsing. We propose a modular approach that resolves ambiguity using natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Irina Saparina , Mirella Lapata

The ability to extract insights from new data sets is critical for decision making. Visual interactive tools play an important role in data exploration since they provide non-technical users with an effective way to visually compose queries…

Ontology-based approach to the Natural Language Understanding (NLU) processing allows to improve questions answering quality in dialogue systems. We describe our NLU engine architecture and evaluate its implementation. The engine transforms…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Sergey Gorshkov , Constantin Kondratiev , Roman Shebalov

Text-to-SQL, the process of translating natural language into Structured Query Language (SQL), represents a transformative application of large language models (LLMs), potentially revolutionizing how humans interact with data. This paper…

Nested relational query languages have been explored extensively, and underlie industrial language-integrated query systems such as Microsoft's LINQ. However, relational databases do not natively support nested collections in query results.…

Databases · Computer Science 2014-05-05 James Cheney , Sam Lindley , Philip Wadler
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