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As quantum computing technology advances, the complexity of quantum algorithms increases, necessitating a shift from low-level circuit descriptions to high-level programming paradigms. This paper addresses the challenges of developing a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Israel Reichental , Ravid Alon , Lior Preminger , Matan Vax , Amir Naveh

Combinatorial optimization is one of the fields where near term quantum devices are being utilized with hybrid quantum-classical algorithms to demonstrate potentially practical applications of quantum computing. One of the most well studied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-22 Anthony Angone , Xioayuan Liu , Ruslan Shaydulin , Ilya Safro

Translations between the quantum circuit model and the measurement-based one-way model are useful for verification and optimisation of quantum computations. They make crucial use of a property known as gflow. While gflow is defined for…

We present a hybrid model of the unitary-evolution-based quantum computation model and the measurement-based quantum computation model. In the hybrid model part of a quantum circuit is simulated by unitary evolution and the rest by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-19 Arun Sehrawat , Daniel Zemann , Berthold-Georg Englert

We introduce a quantum algorithm that produces approximate solutions for combinatorial optimization problems. The algorithm depends on a positive integer p and the quality of the approximation improves as p is increased. The quantum circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-17 Edward Farhi , Jeffrey Goldstone , Sam Gutmann

Quantum circuit compilation comprises many computationally hard reasoning tasks that nonetheless lie inside #$\mathbf{P}$ and its decision counterpart in $\mathbf{PP}$. The classical simulation of general quantum circuits is a core example.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-13 Jingyi Mei , Marcello Bonsangue , Alfons Laarman

Recent developments in classical simulation of quantum circuits make use of clever decompositions of chunks of magic states into sums of efficiently simulable stabiliser states. We show here how, by considering certain non-stabiliser…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-05 Aleks Kissinger , John van de Wetering , Renaud Vilmart

Diagrammatic representations of quantum algorithms and circuits offer novel approaches to their design and analysis. In this work, we describe extensions of the ZX-calculus especially suitable for parameterized quantum circuits, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-16 Tobias Stollenwerk , Stuart Hadfield

Quantum circuit transformation aims to produce equivalent circuits while optimizing for various aspects such as circuit depth, gate count, and compatibility with modern Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. There are two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-25 Collin Beaudoin , Koustubh Phalak , Swaroop Ghosh

Quantum circuits are considered more powerful than classical circuits and require exponential resources to simulate classically. Clifford circuits are a special class of quantum circuits that can be simulated in polynomial time but still…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Yuchen Pang , Edgar Solomonik

The ZX-calculus was introduced as a graphical language able to represent specific quantum primitives in an intuitive way. The recent completeness results have shown the theoretical possibility of a purely graphical description of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-14 Titouan Carette , Yohann D'Anello , Simon Perdrix

Quantum computers promise to efficiently solve important problems classical computers never will. However, in order to capitalize on these prospects, a fully automated quantum software stack needs to be developed. This involves a multitude…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-12 Robert Wille , Lukas Burgholzer , Stefan Hillmich , Thomas Grurl , Alexander Ploier , Tom Peham

Recent advances in classical simulation of Clifford+T circuits make use of the ZX calculus to iteratively decompose and simplify magic states into stabiliser terms. We improve on this method by studying stabiliser decompositions of ZX…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Mark Koch , Richie Yeung , Quanlong Wang

Decoherence of quantum hardware is currently limiting its practical applications. At the same time, classical algorithms for simulating quantum circuits have progressed substantially. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid framework that integrates…

It is known that a quantum circuit may be simulated with classical hardware via stabilizer state (T-)decomposition in $O(2^{\alpha t})$ time, given $t$ non-Clifford gates and a decomposition efficiency $\alpha$. The past years have seen a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-24 Wira Azmoon Ahmad , Matthew Sutcliffe

Construction of explicit quantum circuits follows the notion of the "standard circuit model" introduced in the solid and profound analysis of elementary gates providing quantum computation. Nevertheless the model is not always optimal (e.g.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Ch. Chatzisavvas , C. Daskaloyannis , C. P. Panos

ZX-calculus is a high-level graphical formalism for qubit computation. In this paper we give the ZX-rules that enable one to derive all equations between 2-qubit Clifford+T quantum circuits. Our rule set is only a small extension of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-13 Bob Coecke , Quanlong Wang

Various algorithms have been developed to simulate quantum circuits on classical hardware. Among the most prominent are approaches based on \emph{stabilizer decompositions} and \emph{tensor network contraction}. In this work, we present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Julien Codsi , Tuomas Laakkonen

Compilation and optimization of quantum circuits are critical components in the execution of algorithms on quantum computers. These components must successfully balance two competing priorities: minimizing the number of expensive resources,…

Variational quantum circuits (VQCs) are an essential tool in applying noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers to practical problems. VQCs are used as a central component in many algorithms, for example, in quantum machine learning,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Joona V. Pankkonen , Lauri Ylinen , Matti Raasakka , Ilkka Tittonen
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