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We study the properties of algebraic independence and pointwise algebraic independence in a class of continuous theories, the randomizations $T^R$ of complete first order theories $T$. If algebraic and definable closure coincide in $T$,…
We propose a new kind of invariant of multi-party stabilizer states with respect to local Clifford equivalence. These homological invariants are discrete entities defined in terms of the entanglement a state enjoys with respect to arbitrary…
In this paper we investigate the notion of conditional independence and prove several information inequalities for conditionally independent random variables.
The asymptotic freeness of independent unitarily invariant $N\times N$ random matrices holds in expectation up to $O(N^{-2})$. An already known consequence is the infinitesimal freeness in expectation. We put in evidence another consequence…
We study $N$-ary non-commutative notions of independence, which are given by trees and which generalize free, Boolean, and monotone independence. For every rooted subtree $\mathcal{T}$ of the $N$-regular tree, we define the…
We propose a test of the conditional independence of random variables $X$ and~$Y$ given~$Z$ under the additional assumption that $X$ is stochastically nondecreasing in~$Z$. The well-documented hardness of testing conditional independence…
The method of imsets, introduced by Studen\'y, provides a geometric and combinatorial description of conditional independence statements. Elementary conditional independence statements over a finite set of discrete random variables…
Wick polynomials and Wick products are studied in the context of non-commutative probability theory. It is shown that free, boolean and conditionally free Wick polynomials can be defined and related through the action of the group of…
Distance covariance is a popular measure of dependence between random variables. It has some robustness properties, but not all. We prove that the influence function of the usual distance covariance is bounded, but that its breakdown value…
The causal Markov condition (CMC) is a postulate that links observations to causality. It describes the conditional independences among the observations that are entailed by a causal hypothesis in terms of a directed acyclic graph. In the…
Copulas are essential tools in statistics and probability theory, enabling the study of the dependence structure between random variables independently of their marginal distributions. Among the various types of copulas, Ratio-Type Copulas…
The extended de Finetti theorem characterizes exchangeable infinite random sequences as conditionally i.i.d. and shows that the apparently weaker distributional symmetry of spreadability is equivalent to exchangeability. Our main result is…
We consider two extensions of free probability that have been studied in the research literature, and are based on the notions of c-freeness and respectively of infinitesimal freeness for noncommutative random variables. In a 2012 paper,…
The notion of probability plays an important role in almost all areas of science and technology. In modern mathematics, however, probability theory means nothing other than measure theory, and the operational characterization of the notion…
We discuss non-commutative field theories in coordinate space. To do so we introduce pseudo-localized operators that represent interesting position dependent (gauge invariant) observables. The formalism may be applied to arbitrary field…
We study the zero sets of the independence polynomial on recursive sequences of graphs. We prove that for a maximally independent starting graph and a stable and expanding recursion algorithm, the zeros of the independence polynomial are…
In this paper, the notion of conditionally bi-free independence for pairs of algebras is introduced. The notion of conditional $(\ell, r)$-cumulants are introduced and it is demonstrated that conditionally bi-free independence is equivalent…
In this paper we provide a theoretical analysis of counterfactual invariance. We present a variety of existing definitions, study how they relate to each other and what their graphical implications are. We then turn to the current major…
The standard definition formula for probabilities of independent events is derived as a consequence of the Insufficient Reason Principle expressed as the Maximum Relative Divergence Principle for grading (order-comonotonic) functions on a…
We consider the notions of operator-valued infinitesimal (OVI) free independence, OVI Boolean independence, and OVI monotone independence. For each notion of OVI independence, we introduce the corresponding infinitesimal transforms, and…