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Related papers: Dimension and the Structure of Complexity Classes

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We study the fractal structure of language, aiming to provide a precise formalism for quantifying properties that may have been previously suspected but not formally shown. We establish that language is: (1) self-similar, exhibiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ibrahim Alabdulmohsin , Vinh Q. Tran , Mostafa Dehghani

Let $X$ be a finite set. A family $P$ of subsets of $X$ is called a convex geometry with ground set $X$ if (1) $\emptyset, X\in P$; (2) $A\cap B\in P$ whenever $A,B\in P$; and (3) if $A\in P$ and $A\neq X$, there is an element $\alpha\in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-10 Kolja Knauer , William T. Trotter

We apply the Principle of Maximum Entropy to the study of a general class of deterministic fractal sets. The scaling laws peculiar to these objects are accounted for by means of a constraint concerning the average content of information in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 R. Pastor-Satorras , J. Wagensberg

Modern SAT solvers have experienced a remarkable progress on solving industrial instances. Most of the techniques have been developed after an intensive experimental testing process. Recently, there have been some attempts to analyze the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-14 C. Ansótegui , M. L. Bonet , J. Giráldez-Cru , J. Levy

Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a generic problem modeling and solving framework with a strong focus on knowledge representation and a rapid growth of industrial applications. So far, the study of complexity resulted in characterizing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Markus Hecher , Rafael Kiesel

Complex structures can only form in a universe that allows for bound states. While this is clearly observed in three-dimensions, added degrees of freedom in a higher-dimensional space preclude the immediate assumption that binding…

An instance of Max CSP is a finite collection of constraints on a set of variables, and the goal is to assign values to the variables that maximises the number of satisfied constraints. Max CSP captures many well-known problems (such as Max…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-12-11 Peter Jonsson , Andrei Krokhin , Fredrik Kuivinen

With the recent success of pre-trained models in NLP, a significant focus was put on interpreting their representations. One of the most prominent approaches is structural probing (Hewitt and Manning, 2019), where a linear projection of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Tomasz Limisiewicz , David Mareček

A general theory of resource-bounded measurability and measure is developed. Starting from any feasible probability measure $\nu$ on the Cantor space $\C$ and any suitable complexity class $C \subseteq \C$, the theory identifies the subsets…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-02-01 Jack Lutz

Dimensionality is one of the most important properties of complex physical systems. However, only recently this concept has been considered in the context of complex networks. In this paper we further develop the previously introduced…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-08-19 Filipi Nascimento Silva , Luciano da Fontoura Costa

Order dimension theory measures the complexity of partially ordered sets by quantifying how far they are from being linearly ordered. In this paper we study classical bounding results for order dimension within the framework of reverse…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Alberto Marcone , Andrea Volpi

Discretized landscapes can be mapped onto ranked surfaces, where every element (site or bond) has a unique rank associated with its corresponding relative height. By sequentially allocating these elements according to their ranks and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-19 K. J. Schrenk , N. A. M. Araujo , J. S. Andrade , H. J. Herrmann

Human beings possess the most sophisticated computational machinery in the known universe. We can understand language of rich descriptive power, and communicate in the same environment with astonishing clarity. Two of the many contributors…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Karthikeya Ramesh Kaushik , Andrea E. Martin

This chapter explores the notion of "dimension" of a set. Various power laws by which an Euclidean space can be characterized are used to define dimensions, which then explore different aspects of the set. Also discussed are the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-11-10 Somendra M. Bhattacharjee

Network or graph structures are ubiquitous in the study of complex systems. Often, we are interested in complexity trends of these system as it evolves under some dynamic. An example might be looking at the complexity of a food web as…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-01-23 Russell K. Standish

Patterns provide a concise, syntactic way of describing a set of strings, but their expressive power comes at a price: a number of fundamental decision problems concerning (erasing) pattern languages, such as the membership problem and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Ziyuan Gao

Finite valued constraint satisfaction problems are a formalism for describing many natural optimization problems, where constraints on the values that variables can take come with rational weights and the aim is to find an assignment of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-04-15 Anuj Dawar , Pengming Wang

The Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension is a combinatorial parameter that reflects the "complexity" of a set of sets (a.k.a. concept classes). It has been introduced by Vapnik and Chervonenkis in their seminal 1971 paper and has since found many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-07-21 Shai Ben-David

We study parameterized Constraint Satisfaction Problem for infinite constraint languages. The parameters that we study are weight of the satisfying assignment, number of constraints, maximum number of occurrences of a variable in the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-08-10 Ruhollah Majdoddin

Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) for first-order reducts of finitely bounded homogeneous structures form a large class of computational problems that might exhibit a complexity dichotomy, P versus NP-complete. A powerful method to…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-05-13 Manuel Bodirsky , Bertalan Bodor