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Grover's database search algorithm, although discovered in the context of quantum computation, can be implemented using any physical system that allows superposition of states. A physical realization of this algorithm is described using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Apoorva D. Patel

We discuss the quantum search algorithm using complex queries that has recently been published by Grover (quant-ph/9706005). We recall the algorithm adding some details showing which complex query has to be evaluated. Based on this version…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Markus Grassl , Thomas Beth

We propose a quantum algorithm for closest pattern matching which allows us to search for as many distinct patterns as we wish in a given string (database), requiring a query function per symbol of the pattern alphabet. This represents a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Mateus , Y. Omar

We present a quantum algorithmic routine that extends the realm of Grover-based heuristics for tackling combinatorial optimization problems with arbitrary efficiently computable objective and constraint functions. Building on previously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Sören Wilkening

We study some extensions of Grover's quantum searching algorithm. First, we generalize the Grover iteration in the light of a concept called amplitude amplification. Then, we show that the quadratic speedup obtained by the quantum searching…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-03 Gilles Brassard , Peter Hoyer , Alain Tapp

We provide a tight analysis of Grover's recent algorithm for quantum database searching. We give a simple closed-form formula for the probability of success after any given number of iterations of the algorithm. This allows us to determine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Michel Boyer , Gilles Brassard , Peter Hoeyer , Alain Tapp

Quantum computing has advanced rapidly in recent years and has shown advantages in a variety of domains. In this paper, we investigate its potential for discrete simulation optimization in the fixed-confidence setting, a fundamental problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Mingjie Hu , Jian-qiang Hu , Enlu Zhou

One of the most important quantum algorithms ever discovered is Grover's algorithm for searching an unordered set. We give a new lower bound in the query model which proves that Grover's algorithm is exactly optimal. Similar to existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-01 Catalin Dohotaru , Peter Hoyer

A quantum algorithm is a set of instructions for a quantum computer, however, unlike algorithms in classical computer science their results cannot be guaranteed. A quantum system can undergo two types of operation, measurement and quantum…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-30 Eva Borbely

The question of which resources drive the advantages in quantum algorithms has long been a fundamental challenge. While entanglement and coherence are critical to many quantum algorithms, our results indicate that they do not fully explain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Si-Qi Zhou , Hai Jin , Jin-Min Liang , Shao-Ming Fei , Yunlong Xiao , Zhihao Ma

Grover's database search algorithm is the optimal algorithm for finding a desired object from an unsorted collection of items. Although it was discovered in the context of quantum computation, it is simple and versatile enough to be…

General Physics · Physics 2007-12-03 Aavishkar A. Patel

L. K. Grover's search algorithm in quantum computing gives an optimal, square-root speedup in the search for a single object in a large unsorted database. In this paper, we expound Grover's algorithm in a Hilbert-space framework that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Chen , S. A. Fulling , M. O. Scully

This paper concerns the Grover algorithm that permits to make amplification of quantum states previously tagged by an Oracle. Grover's algorithm allows searches in an unstructure database of n entries finding a marked element with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-08 Gérard Fleury , Philippe Lacomme

The search task is one of the most difficult when it comes to execution speed, and reducing the latter is important both when working with large data and with small samples, if they need to be processed frequently and in a limited time.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Karina Zakharova

Grover's algorithm is a quantum search algorithm that proceeds by repeated applications of the Grover operator and the Oracle until the state evolves to one of the target states. In the standard version of the algorithm, the Grover operator…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-14 Tim Byrnes , Gary Forster , Louis Tessler

This paper presented two general quantum search algorithms. We derived the iterated formulas and the simpler approximate formulas and the precise formula for the amplitude in the desired state. A mathematical proof of Grover's algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Dafa Li , Xinxin Li

Grover search is one of the most important quantum algorithms. In this paper, we consider a kind of search that the conditions of satisfaction $T$ can be rewritten as $T=T_1\bigcap T_2$. Then we present a new Grover search with smaller…

General Physics · Physics 2020-07-08 Dan Li

Traditional tree search algorithms supply a blueprint for modeling problem solving behaviour. A diverse spectrum of problems can be formulated in terms of tree search. Quantum computation, in particular Grover's algorithm, has aroused a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-09 Luís Tarrataca , Andreas Wichert

Constraint satisfiability problems, crucial to several applications, are solved on a quantum computer using Grover's search algorithm, leading to a quadratic improvement over the classical case. The solutions are obtained with high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Gayathree M. Vinod , Anil Shaji

Grover's quantum search algorithm provides a quadratic quantum advantage over classical algorithms across a broad class of unstructured search problems. The original protocol is probabilistic, returning the desired result with significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Tanay Roy , Liang Jiang , David I. Schuster