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Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) play a pivotal role in many applications. Particularly powerful are circuits based on meshes of reconfigurable Mach-Zehnder interferometers as they enable active processing of light. Various possibilities…

Programmable integrated photonics has evolved into a potent platform for implementing diverse optical functions on a single chip through software-driven reconfiguration. At the core of these processors are the photonic waveguide meshes that…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-21 Jacek Gosciniak

Scalable photonic quantum technologies are based on multiple nested interferometers. To realize this architecture, integrated optical structures are needed to ensure stable, controllable, and repeatable operation. Here we show a key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-12 Brian J. Smith , Dmytro Kundys , Nicholas Thomas-Peter , P. G. R. Smith , I. A. Walmsley

Large-scale generation of quantum entanglement between individually controllable qubits is at the core of quantum computing, communications, and sensing. Modular architectures of remotely-connected quantum technologies have been proposed…

Programmable linear optical interferometers are a core primitive in optical signal processing, quantum information processing, and photonic computing. Existing photonic-integrated implementations realize arbitrary $M$-mode unitaries using…

The advances in fabrication processes in different material platforms employed in integrated optics are opening the path towards the implementation of circuits with increasing degree of complexity. In addition to the more conventional…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-10-24 Daniel Perez , Jose Capmany

Partially coherent light is typically studied in the context of freely propagating continuous fields. Recent developments have indicated the existence of a `coherence advantage' in multimode optical communications, where partially coherent…

We propose advancing photonic in-memory computing through three-dimensional photonic-electronic integrated circuits using phase-change materials (PCM) and AlGaAs-CMOS technology. These circuits offer high precision (greater than 12 bits),…

Photonic integrated circuits play a central role in current and future applications such as communications, sensing, ranging, and information processing. Photonic quantum computing will also likely require an integrated optics architecture…

We propose a postselected amplification (PSA) scheme for phase shift measurement of optical coherent states when passing through the Mach-Zehnder-interferometer (MZI). Different from the usual weak-value-amplification (WVA) formulation, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-28 J. L. Li , Y. Z. Niu , L. P. Qin , X. Q. Li

Mach-Zehnder Interferometric meshes are attractive for low-loss photonic matrix multiplication but are challenging to program. Using least-squares optimization of directional derivatives, we experimentally demonstrate that desired matrix…

Programmable photonic quantum processors face a critical challenge: despite significant advances in quantum state preparation and manipulation, measurements remain limited to projective techniques. Here, we demonstrate a programmable…

Optical computing represents a groundbreaking technology that leverages the unique properties of photons, with innate parallelism standing as its most compelling advantage. Parallel optical computing like cascaded Mach-Zehnder…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-25 Ziqi Wei , Yuanjian Wan , Yuhu Cheng , Xiao Yu , Peng Xie

We propose and analyze the design of a programmable photonic integrated circuit for high-fidelity quantum computation and simulation. We demonstrate that the reconfigurability of our design allows us to overcome two major impediments to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-30 Jacob Mower , Nicholas C. Harris , Gregory R. Steinbrecher , Yoav Lahini , Dirk Englund

Asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometers (AMZIs) can, in principle, enable continuous wavelength tuning of a laser when used as an intra-cavity filter. Their simplicity and good compatibility with generic foundry platforms are major…

The scalability of photonic implementations of fault-tolerant quantum computing based on Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) qubits is injured by the requirements of inline squeezing and reconfigurability of the linear optical network. In this…

Controlling topological phases of light has allowed experimental observations of abundant topological phenomena and development of robust photonic devices. The prospect of more sophisticated controls with topological photonic devices for…

Reconfigurable photonic mesh networks of tunable beamsplitter nodes can linearly transform $N$-dimensional vectors representing input modal amplitudes of light for applications such as energy-efficient machine learning hardware, quantum…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Sunil Pai , Ian A. D. Williamson , Tyler W. Hughes , Momchil Minkov , Olav Solgaard , Shanhui Fan , David A. B. Miller

The development of large-scale, programmable photonic circuits capable of performing generic matrix-vector multiplication is essential for both classical and quantum information processing. However, this goal is hindered by high losses,…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-13 S. A. Fldzhyan , M. Yu. Saygin , S. S. Straupe

Quantum integrated photonics requires large-scale linear optical circuitry, and for many applications it is desirable to have a universally programmable circuit, able to implement an arbitrary unitary transformation on a number of modes.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Bryn A. Bell , Ian A. Walmsley