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We consider a load balancing system consisting of $n$ single-server queues working in parallel, with heterogeneous service rates. Jobs arrive to a central dispatcher, which has to dispatch them to one of the queues immediately upon arrival.…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Yishun Luo , Martin Zubeldia

Retailers use a variety of mechanisms to enable sales and delivery. A relatively new offering by companies is curbside pickup where customers purchase goods online, schedule a pickup time, and come to a pickup facility to receive their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-27 Bahar Çavdar , Tuğçe Işık

The Foreground-Background (FB) discipline, which gives service to the customer that has received the least amount of service, minimises the queue length for a certain class of heavy-tailed service times. In this paper we give an overview of…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Misja Nuyens

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of tasks, but serving them efficiently at scale remains a critical challenge due to their substantial computational and latency demands. While most existing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yifan Sun , Gholamreza Haffari , Minxian Xu , Rajkumar Buyya , Adel N. Toosi

We study a difficult problem of how to schedule complex workflows with precedence constraints under a limited budget in the cloud environment. We first formulate the scheduling problem as an integer programming problem, which can be…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Hang Zhang , Xiaoying Zheng , Ye Xia , Mingqi Li

We study an optimal server partition and customer assignment problem for an uncapacitated FCFS queueing system with heterogeneous types of customers. Each type of customers is associated with a Poisson arrival, a certain service time…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-08 Shengyu Cao , Simai He , Zizhuo Wang , Yifan Feng

We use multidimensional diffusion processes to approximate the dynamics of a queue served by many parallel servers. The queue is served in the first-in-first-out (FIFO) order and the customers waiting in queue may abandon the system without…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Shuangchi He , J. G. Dai

Load balancing is a common approach in web server farms or inventory routing problems. An important issue in such systems is to determine the server to which an incoming request should be routed to optimize a given performance criteria. In…

Performance · Computer Science 2018-10-19 Urtzi Ayesta , Manu K Gupta , Ina Maria Verloop

Consider a set of jobs with independent random service times to be scheduled on a single machine. The jobs can be surgeries in an operating room, patients' appointments in outpatient clinics, etc. The challenge is to determine the optimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-16 Mehdi Jafarnia-Jahromi , Rahul Jain

We consider a multi-server queueing system under the power-of-two policy with Poisson job arrivals, heterogeneous servers and a general job requirement distribution; each server operates under the first-come first-serve policy and there are…

Performance · Computer Science 2017-01-24 Ane Izagirre , Armand M. Makowski

CPU scheduling is the reason behind the performance of multiprocessing and in time-shared operating systems. Different scheduling criteria are used to evaluate Central Processing Unit Scheduling algorithms which are based on different…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Raghav Dalmia , Aryaman Sinha , Ruchi Verma , P. K. Gupta

Load balancing systems, comprising a central dispatcher and a scheduling policy at each server, are widely used in practice, and their response time has been extensively studied in the theoretical literature. While much is known about the…

Performance · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Isaac Grosof , Ziv Scully , Mor Harchol-Balter

Motivated by modern parallel computing applications, we consider the problem of scheduling parallel-task jobs with heterogeneous resource requirements in a cluster of machines. Each job consists of a set of tasks that can be processed in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Mehrnoosh Shafiee , Javad Ghaderi

Motivated by the increasing popularity of learning and predicting human user behavior in communication and computing systems, in this paper, we investigate the fundamental benefit of predictive scheduling, i.e., predicting and pre-serving…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-09-05 Longbo Huang , Shaoquan Zhang , Minghua Chen , Xin Liu

Denied boarding in congested transit systems induces queuing delays and departure-time shifts that can reshape passenger flows. Correctly modeling these responses in transit assignment hinges on the enforcement of two priority rules:…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Liyang Feng , Hanlin Sun , Yu Marco Nie , Jun Xie , Jiayang Li

A key operational challenge for call centers is to decide, in real time, which waiting customer should be served by which available agent. This is known as skill-based routing, and the decision becomes especially difficult in large systems…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Baris Ata , Ebru Kasikaralar

We consider a sequence of single-server queueing models operating under a service policy that incorporates batches into processor sharing: arriving jobs build up behind a gate while waiting to begin service, while jobs in front of the gate…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-15 H. Christian Gromoll , Katelynn D. Kochalski

High-performance computing systems are complex machines whose behaviour is governed by the correct functioning of its many subsystems. Among these, the workload scheduler has a crucial impact on the timely execution of the jobs continuously…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Daniela Loreti , Davide Leone , Andrea Borghesi

In this paper, we introduce a model of dynamical queue, in which the service time depends on the server utilization history. The proposed queueing model is motivated by widely accepted empirical laws describing human performance as a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Ketan Savla , Emilio Frazzoli

Scheduling with testing is a recent online problem within the framework of explorable uncertainty motivated by environments where some preliminary action can influence the duration of a task. Jobs have an unknown processing time that can be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Susanne Albers , Alexander Eckl
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