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Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance across a wide range of downstream language tasks. Temperature sampling is a commonly used decoding strategy for LLMs' generation process. However, a fixed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Shimao Zhang , Yu Bao , Shujian Huang

Language models (LMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in NLP, yet adapting them efficiently and robustly to specific tasks remains challenging. As their scale and complexity grow, fine-tuning LMs on labelled data often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Zhengyan Shi

We introduce a self-supervised speech pre-training method called TERA, which stands for Transformer Encoder Representations from Alteration. Recent approaches often learn by using a single auxiliary task like contrastive prediction,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-05 Andy T. Liu , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

Multilingual language models have shown decent performance in multilingual and cross-lingual natural language understanding tasks. However, the power of these multilingual models in code-switching tasks has not been fully explored. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Genta Indra Winata , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Zihan Liu , Zhaojiang Lin , Andrea Madotto , Pascale Fung

We propose two methods to make unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) more parameter efficient using adapters, small bottleneck layers interspersed with every layer of the large-scale pre-trained language model (PLM). The first method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Bhavitvya Malik , Abhinav Ramesh Kashyap , Min-Yen Kan , Soujanya Poria

Through end-to-end training to predict the next token, LLMs have become valuable tools for various tasks. Enhancing their core training in language modeling can improve numerous downstream applications. A successful approach to enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Nathan Cornille , Florian Mai , Jingyuan Sun , Marie-Francine Moens

Training models on low-resource named entity recognition tasks has been shown to be a challenge, especially in industrial applications where deploying updated models is a continuous effort and crucial for business operations. In such cases…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Peter Izsak , Shira Guskin , Moshe Wasserblat

Covering all languages with a multilingual speech recognition model (MASR) is very difficult. Performing language extension on top of an existing MASR is a desirable choice. In this study, the MASR continual learning problem is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Wei Liu , Jingyong Hou , Dong Yang , Muyong Cao , Tan Lee

Modular Neural Networks (MNNs) demonstrate various advantages over monolithic models. Existing MNNs are generally $\textit{explicit}$: their modular architectures are pre-defined, with individual modules expected to implement distinct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Zihan Qiu , Zeyu Huang , Jie Fu

Stochasticity in language model fine-tuning, often caused by the small batch sizes typically used in this regime, can destabilize training by introducing large oscillations in generation quality. A popular approach to mitigating this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Adam Block , Cyril Zhang

Multilingual intelligent assistants, such as ChatGPT, have recently gained popularity. To further expand the applications of multilingual artificial intelligence assistants and facilitate international communication, it is essential to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-20 Song Li , Yongbin You , Xuezhi Wang , Ke Ding , Guanglu Wan

Pretrained multilingual contextual representations have shown great success, but due to the limits of their pretraining data, their benefits do not apply equally to all language varieties. This presents a challenge for language varieties…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ethan C. Chau , Lucy H. Lin , Noah A. Smith

Continual learning (CL) enables models to adapt to evolving data streams. A major challenge of CL is catastrophic forgetting, where new knowledge will overwrite previously acquired knowledge. Traditional methods usually retain the past data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Baocai Yin , Ji Zhao , Huajie Jiang , Ningning Hou , Yongli Hu , Amin Beheshti , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Yuankai Qi

Massively multilingual language models such as multilingual BERT offer state-of-the-art cross-lingual transfer performance on a range of NLP tasks. However, due to limited capacity and large differences in pretraining data sizes, there is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Jonas Pfeiffer , Ivan Vulić , Iryna Gurevych , Sebastian Ruder

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method for Large Language Models (LLMs), but it still incurs notable overhead and suffers from parameter interference in complex datasets. While recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Chunlin Tian , Xuyang Wei , Huanrong Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

Encoder-only languages models are frequently used for a variety of standard machine learning tasks, including classification and retrieval. However, there has been a lack of recent research for encoder models, especially with respect to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Marc Marone , Orion Weller , William Fleshman , Eugene Yang , Dawn Lawrie , Benjamin Van Durme

This work introduces EE-Tuning, a lightweight and economical solution to training/tuning early-exit large language models (LLMs). In contrast to the common approach of full-parameter pre-training, EE-Tuning augments any pre-trained (and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Xuchen Pan , Yanxi Chen , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Jingren Zhou

Fine-tuning large pre-trained language models for downstream tasks remains a critical challenge in natural language processing. This paper presents an empirical analysis comparing two efficient fine-tuning methods - BitFit and adapter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Nigel Doering , Cyril Gorlla , Trevor Tuttle , Adhvaith Vijay

Pretrained multilingual language models have become a common tool in transferring NLP capabilities to low-resource languages, often with adaptations. In this work, we study the performance, extensibility, and interaction of two such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ethan C. Chau , Noah A. Smith

Test-Time adaptation (TTA) aims to enhance model robustness against distribution shifts through rapid model adaptation during inference. While existing TTA methods often rely on entropy-based unsupervised training and achieve promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Zixuan Hu , Yichun Hu , Ling-Yu Duan
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