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Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two distant parties to share encryption keys with security based on physical laws. Experimentally, it has been implemented with optical means, achieving key rates of 1.26 Megabit/s over 50 kilometres…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-19 Marco Lucamarini , Zhiliang Yuan , James F. Dynes , Andrew J. Shields

Towards realizing the future quantum internet, a pivotal milestone entails the transition from two-node proof-of-principle experiments conducted in laboratories to comprehensive, multi-node setups on large scales. Here, we report on the…

In recent years, noticeable progress has been made in the development of quantum equipment, reflected through the number of successful demonstrations of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) technology. Although they showcase the great…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Miralem Mehic , Peppino Fazio , Stefan Rass , Oliver Maurhart , Momtchil Peev , Andreas Poppe , Jan Rozhon , Marcin Niemiec , Miroslav Voznak

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the fastest-growing and relatively mature technology in the field of quantum information, enabling information-theoretically secure key distribution between two remote users. Although QKD based on…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables secure communications via the exchange of cryptographic keys exploiting the properties of quantum mechanics. Nowadays the related technology is mature enough for production systems, thus field…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-27 Claudio Cicconetti , Marco Conti , Andrea Passarella

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is one of the most practical applications in quantum information processing, which can generate information-theoretical secure keys between remote parties. With the help of the wavelength-division multiplexing…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure communication method that utilizes the principles of quantum mechanics to establish secret keys. The central task in the study of QKD is to prove security in the presence of an eavesdropper with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-14 Sirui Peng , Xiaoming Sun , Hongyi Zhou

We demonstrated, for the first time, a machine-learning method to assist the coexistence between quantum and classical communication channels. Software-defined networking was used to successfully enable the key generation and transmission…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-23 Y. Ou , E. Hugues-Salas , F. Ntavou , R. Wang , Y. Bi , SY. Yan , G. Kanellos , R. Nejabati , D. Simeonidou

In this paper, we consider quantum key distribution (QKD) in a quantum network with both quantum repeaters and a small number of trusted nodes. In contrast to current QKD networks with only trusted nodes and the true Quantum Internet with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Omar Amer , Walter O. Krawec , Victoria U. Manfredi , Bing Wang

We have demonstrated quantum key distribution (QKD) over a 10-km, 1-airmass atmospheric range during daylight and at night. Secret random bit sequences of the quality required for the cryptographic keys used to initialize secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Richard J. Hughes , Jane E. Nordholt , Derek Derkacs , Charles G. Peterson

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables information-theoretic secure communication, yet its ultimate tolerance to noise and achievable transmission distance remain fundamentally constrained. We establish the maximum quantum bit error rate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Stefano Pirandola

The advent of quantum computing threatens classical cryptographic mechanisms, demanding new strategies for securing communication networks. Since real-world networks cannot be fully Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)-enabled due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ane Sanz , Eire Salegi , Asier Atutxa , David Franco , Jasone Astorga , Eduardo Jacob

There is a big gap between theory and practice in quantum key distribution (QKD) because real devices do not satisfy the assumptions required by the security proofs. Here, we close this gap by introducing a simple and practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-31 Álvaro Navarrete , Margarida Pereira , Marcos Curty , Kiyoshi Tamaki

Due to the intrinsic point-to-point characteristic of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems, it is necessary to study and develop QKD network technology to provide a secure communication service for a large-scale of nodes over a large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-21 Qiong Li , Yaxing Wang , Haokun Mao , Jiameng Yao , Qi Han

We demonstrate quantum key distribution (QKD) with bidirectional 10 Gb/s classical data channels in a single fiber using dense wavelength division multiplexing. Record secure key rates of 2.38 Mbps and fiber distances up to 70 km are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-10 K. A. Patel , J. F. Dynes , M. Lucamarini , I. Choi , A. W. Sharpe , Z. L. Yuan , R. V. Penty , A. J. Shields

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (QKD) offers secure communication, with secure key rates that surpass those achievable by QKD protocols utilizing two-dimensional encoding. However, existing high-dimensional QKD protocols require…

Modern communication strives towards provably secure systems which can be widely deployed. Quantum key distribution provides a methodology to verify the integrity and security of a key exchange based on physical laws. However, physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-01 Henry Semenenko , Philip Sibson , Andy Hart , Mark G. Thompson , John G. Rarity , Chris Erven

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two remote users to establish a secret key in the presence of an eavesdropper. The users share quantum states prepared in two mutually-unbiased bases: one to generate the key while the other monitors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-03 Nurul T. Islam , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Clinton Cahall , Jungsang Kim , Daniel J. Gauthier

Quantum key distribution (QKD) refers to specific quantum strategies which permit the secure distribution of a secret key between two parties that wish to communicate secretly. Quantum cryptography has proven unconditionally secure in ideal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-10-14 C. Rodó , O. Romero-Isart , K. Eckert , A. Sanpera

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows the generation of cryptographic keys beyond the computational hardness paradigm and is befitting for secure data transmission requiring long-term security. The communication distance of fibre-based QKD,…