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As a promising avenue to obtain new extreme ultraviolet light source and detect electronic properties, high-harmonic generation (HHG) has been actively developed in both theory and experiment. In solids lacking inversion symmetry, when…

The recent observation of high-harmonic generation from solids creates a new possibility for engineering fundamental strong-field processes by patterning the solid target with subwavelength nanostructures. All-dielectric metasurfaces…

We develop a general theory of high-harmonic generation (HHG) in solid-state systems, based on a weak-correlation expansion of photonic and matter degrees of freedom. Unlike standard HHG theories, which treat light-matter dynamics through…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Denis Ilin , Alexander S. Solntsev , Ivan Iorsh

We study strong-field driven ultrafast dynamics and high-harmonic generation (HHG) in monolayer 2H-NbSe$_2$ and compare them with those of monolayer 2H-MoS$_2$ by solving the multiband reduced-density-matrix equations including…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-16 Aday Cárdenas , Rui E. F. Silva , Álvaro Jiménez-Galán

We theoretically study multielectron effects in high-harmonic generation (HHG), using all-electron first-principles simulations for a one-dimensional (1D) model atom. In addition to usual plateau and cutoff (from a cation in the present…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2017-05-24 Iliya Tikhomirov , Takeshi Sato , Kenichi L. Ishikawa

High-harmonic generation in solids by intense laser pulses provides a fascinating platform for studying material properties and ultra-fast electron dynamics, where its coherent character is a central aspect. Using the semiconductor Bloch…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Wolfgang Hogger , Alexander Riedel , Debadrito Roy , Angelika Knothe , Cosimo Gorini , Juan-Diego Urbina , Klaus Richter

When a high power laser beam irradiates a small aperture on a solid foil target, the strong laser field drives surface plasma oscillation at the periphery of this aperture, which acts as a "relativistic oscillating window". The diffracted…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Longqing Yi

The atomic response to an ultra-intense driving field produces a characteristic high-harmonic spectrum featuring a rapid drop in intensity for the lower harmonics, followed by a plateau and a sharp cutoff. This response vanishes for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Lidija Petrovic , Philipp Stammer , Maciej Lewenstein , Javier Rivera-Dean

We present ab initio calculations using the $R$-matrix with time dependence (RMT) method for high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in argon in a short, intense pulse regime. The calculations employ a $6$-cycle $\sin^2$ pulse at $850$ nm with…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Aaron T. Bondy , Klaus Bartschat

The emerging possibilities to steer and control electronic motion on subcycle time scales with strong electric fields enable studying the nonperturbative optical response and Bloch bands' topological properties, originated from Berry's…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-01-12 Hamed Koochaki Kelardeh

We make a systematic study of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in a He$^+$-like model ion when the initial states are prepared as a coherent superposition of the ground state and an excited state. It is found that, according to the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Bingbing Wang , Taiwang Cheng , Xiaofeng Li , Panming Fu , Shigang Chen , Jie Liu

High harmonic generation (HHG) is a crucial technology for compact, high-brightness extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and soft X-ray sources, which are key to advancing both fundamental and applied sciences. The availability of advanced driving…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-07 Robert Klas , Martin Gebhardt , Jan Rothhardt , Jens Limpert

We propose a novel picture of high-harmonic generation (HHG) in solids based on the concept of temporally changing band structures. To demonstrate the utility of this picture, we focus on the high-order sideband generation (HSG) caused by…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-08-14 Tomohiro Tamaya , Takeo Kato

The spectra produced by high-harmonic generation (HHG) typically exhibit well-defined peaks at odd integers times the laser frequency. However, in recent investigations of HHG from correlated materials, spectra exhibit signals at noninteger…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-06-05 Christian Saugbjerg Lange , Thomas Hansen , Lars Bojer Madsen

High-harmonic generation has emerged as a pivotal process in strong-field physics, yielding extreme ultraviolet radiation and attosecond pulses with a wide range of applications. Furthermore, its emergent connection with the field of…

Solid-state materials have recently emerged as a new stage of strong-field physics and attosecond science. The mechanism of the electron dynamics driven by an ultrashort intense laser pulse is under intensive discussion. Here we…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-04-23 Kenichi L. Ishikawa , Yasushi Shinohara , Takeshi Sato , Tomohito Otobe

The generation of high harmonics (HHG) in atomic systems by the highly non-linear response to an intense laser field is a prominent pathway to the synthesis of ever shorter laser pulses at increasingly higher photon energies. Extensions of…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Mohammad Monfared , Elnaz Irani , Christoph Lemell , Joachim Burgdörfer

Recent studies have demonstrated that the polarization states of high harmonics from solids can differ from those of the driving pulses. To gain insights on the microscopic origin of this behavior, we perform one-particle intraband-only…

Echo-enabled harmonic generation free-electron lasers (EEHG FELs) are promising candidates to produce fully coherent soft x-ray pulses by virtue of efficient high harmonic frequency up-conversion from UV lasers. The ultimate spectral limit…

We develop and demonstrate a fully real-space perspective on HHG in crystals. Due to Wannier-Stark localization induced on sub-cycle timescales in the presence of a strong field, real-space descriptions are natural for strongly driven…