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We propose a novel approach for learning causal response representations. Our method aims to extract directions in which a multidimensional outcome is most directly caused by a treatment variable. By bridging conditional independence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-07 Homer Durand , Gherardo Varando , Gustau Camps-Valls

Developing meaningful and efficient representations that separate the fundamental structure of the data generation mechanism is crucial in representation learning. However, Disentangled Representation Learning has not fully shown its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Jacopo Dapueto , Nicoletta Noceti , Francesca Odone

Representation learning from unlabeled data has been extensively studied in statistics, data science and signal processing with a rich literature on techniques for dimension reduction, compression, multi-dimensional scaling among others.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Pascal Esser , Maximilian Fleissner , Debarghya Ghoshdastidar

This paper explores self-supervised disentangled representation learning within sequential data, focusing on separating time-independent and time-varying factors in videos. We propose a new model that breaks the usual independence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Mathieu Cyrille Simon , Pascal Frossard , Christophe De Vleeschouwer

Unsupervised machine learning models build an internal representation of their training data without the need for explicit human guidance or feature engineering. This learned representation provides insights into which features of the data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-09 Felix Frohnert , Evert van Nieuwenburg

We study the problem of representation learning in goal-conditioned hierarchical reinforcement learning. In such hierarchical structures, a higher-level controller solves tasks by iteratively communicating goals which a lower-level policy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-10 Ofir Nachum , Shixiang Gu , Honglak Lee , Sergey Levine

Learning representations of data, and in particular learning features for a subsequent prediction task, has been a fruitful area of research delivering impressive empirical results in recent years. However, relatively little is understood…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-11 Daniel McNamara , Cheng Soon Ong , Robert C. Williamson

The problem of statistical learning is to construct a predictor of a random variable $Y$ as a function of a related random variable $X$ on the basis of an i.i.d. training sample from the joint distribution of $(X,Y)$. Allowable predictors…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Maxim Raginsky

In recent years, deep generative models have been shown to 'imagine' convincing high-dimensional observations such as images, audio, and even video, learning directly from raw data. In this work, we ask how to imagine goal-directed visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Thanard Kurutach , Aviv Tamar , Ge Yang , Stuart Russell , Pieter Abbeel

Disentangling the encodings of neural models is a fundamental aspect for improving interpretability, semantic control and downstream task performance in Natural Language Processing. Currently, most disentanglement methods are unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Danilo S. Carvalho , Giangiacomo Mercatali , Yingji Zhang , Andre Freitas

Recent work on interpretability has focused on concept-based explanations, where deep learning models are explained in terms of high-level units of information, referred to as concepts. Concept learning models, however, have been shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Mateo Espinosa Zarlenga , Pietro Barbiero , Zohreh Shams , Dmitry Kazhdan , Umang Bhatt , Adrian Weller , Mateja Jamnik

Causal reasoning can be considered a cornerstone of intelligent systems. Having access to an underlying causal graph comes with the promise of cause-effect estimation and the identification of efficient and safe interventions. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Amir Mohammad Karimi Mamaghan , Andrea Dittadi , Stefan Bauer , Karl Henrik Johansson , Francesco Quinzan

Learning high-level causal representations together with a causal model from unstructured low-level data such as pixels is impossible from observational data alone. We prove under mild assumptions that this representation is however…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-12 Johann Brehmer , Pim de Haan , Phillip Lippe , Taco Cohen

Disentangling the explanatory factors in complex data is a promising approach for generalizable and data-efficient representation learning. While a variety of quantitative metrics for learning and evaluating disentangled representations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Yivan Zhang , Masashi Sugiyama

Representation learning becomes especially important for complex systems with multimodal data sources such as cameras or sensors. Recent advances in reinforcement learning and optimal control make it possible to design control algorithms on…

The goal of unsupervised representation learning is to extract a new representation of data, such that solving many different tasks becomes easier. Existing methods typically focus on vectorized data and offer little support for relational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-29 Sebastijan Dumancic , Hendrik Blockeel

Intelligent perception and interaction with the world hinges on internal representations that capture its underlying structure (''disentangled'' or ''abstract'' representations). Disentangled representations serve as world models, isolating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Pantelis Vafidis , Aman Bhargava , Antonio Rangel

From the intuitive notion of disentanglement, the image variations corresponding to different factors should be distinct from each other, and the disentangled representation should reflect those variations with separate dimensions. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Xuanchi Ren , Tao Yang , Yuwang Wang , Wenjun Zeng

Reinforcement learning is an essential paradigm for solving sequential decision problems under uncertainty. Despite many remarkable achievements in recent decades, applying reinforcement learning methods in the real world remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Zhihong Deng , Jing Jiang , Guodong Long , Chengqi Zhang

Many machine learning algorithms represent input data with vector embeddings or discrete codes. When inputs exhibit compositional structure (e.g. objects built from parts or procedures from subroutines), it is natural to ask whether this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Jacob Andreas